Development of Feudalism
Why did people in the Early Middle Ages need feudalism?
For protection of themselves and their property from attacks by Vikings, Magyars, and the Muslims.
Who is the highest member in the clergy and who is the lowest?
Pope is the highest
Priest is the lowest
Name one reason for the growth of Medieval towns.
Advancements in agriculture led to a surplus of food that could be sold in the market increasing trade
The revival of trade routes
The Magna Carta protected the rights who?
Nobles
Constantine made this city the capital of the Roman Empire because it was the crossroads of Europe and Asia.
Constantinople
What was Charlemagne's greatest accomplishment?
He was able to unify all Christian lands of Europe into a single empire.
Historians sometmes call the Middle Ages in western Europe the __________.
Age of Faith
Royal charters allowed towns to ________.
Gain independence from feudal lords
Model Parliament gave this group a voice in government.
Commoners or ordinary people
This great Byzantine emperor started a public works program to rebuild Constantinople after it was destroyed by a rebellion.
Justinian I
Name one kind of Medieval military technology that kept a kingdom safe. (3 possible answers)
Stone wall
Castle moat
Knight's armor
Name 2 of the Seven Sacraments.
Baptism
Confirmation
Eucharist
Matrimony (marriage)
Holy Orders
Penance
Extreme Unction
These replaced trials by ordeal or combat.
Court trials or Royal Courts
In 1429, this peasant girl led a French army to victory in the Battle of Orleans.
Joan of Arc
In Byzantine times, this person had supreme authority in the Church.
The Emperor
Pages and squires were boys in training to become ______.
Knights
Thomas Aquinas tried to bridge the gap between ______ and _______.
Faith and reason
Name one of the games popular to play in Medieval towns.
Children: Badminton, lawn bowling, and blind man's bluff
Adults: Chess, checkers, and backgammon
Name one of the three factors that led to the decline of Feudalism.
Political changes such as the establishment of Model Parliament and the Magna Carta
The bubonic plague
The Hundred Years’ War
In the Eastern Orthodox Church, the bishop of an important city is called this.
Patriarch
What are fiefs and why did kings give fiefs to the nobels?
The fiefs were large land grants issued to the nobles in return for their loyalty and service during war by supplying the king with knights.
Why did kings rely on the clergy to be recorders and advisers?
Members of the clergy were often the only ones who could read and write so they became trusted recorders and advisers to kings.
The spread of disease was due to ______.
Unhealthy living conditions
No running water
Garbage in streams and streets
Rats and fleas
This invention helped the English defeat the heavily armored French knights.
The longbow
Byzantine emperors and patriarchs clashed with Roman popes. These disagreements led to these two churches being separate.
The Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church.