Greek Polis
Another word for Greek city-state, which had its own government, army, and culture/way of life.
Polis
This type of government allowed Roman citizens to vote for leaders who made laws.
Republic
This man became the first emperor of Rome after the Republic ended. He brought peace and started the Roman Empire.
Augustus Caesar
Rome relied heavily on this group of people to work on farms and in cities.
Slaves
This famous Greek philosopher was the teacher of Alexander the Great and taught him about science, philosophy, and leadership.
Aristotle
Greek city-states were separated from each other by these natural features, which made travel and communication difficult.
Mountains
These two groups made up Roman society: the wealthy landowners and the common people.
Patricians (wealthy landowners) and plebeians (common people)
The Roman Empire was able to grow and stay strong because of its good roads, strong army, and this long period of peace.
Pax Romana
This type of Roman art used small pieces of tile or glass to make pictures.
Mosaic
Alexander the Great helped spread this culture, which mixed Greek ideas with Egyptian, Persian, and Indian traditions.
Hellenism
This city-state was known for its strong army, strict rules, and focus on training boys to be soldiers.
Sparta
This group of 300 men made laws and helped run the Roman Republic.
Senate
The Romans built these large structures to carry water from faraway places into cities.
aqueducts
Both Greek and Roman societies used this form of money for trade.
Coinage (currency)
Alexander built cities like this one in Egypt to spread Greek culture.
Alexandria
This city-state was famous for its democracy, art, and education. It encouraged citizens to participate in government.
Athens
These two leaders were elected each year to run the government and command the army.
Consuls
This religion began in the Roman Empire and later became its official religion.
Christianity
This volcano near Naples helped create rich soil for farming in Rome.
Mt Vesuvius
This economic problem hurt Rome: prices went up, money lost value, and trade slowed down.
Inflation
The Greek city-states lost power after fighting each other in wars. Later, they were conquered by this rising empire.
Roman Empire
The Roman Republic ended when this man took control and became the first emperor of Rome.
Augustus Caesar (or Octavian)
The Western Roman Empire ended in 476 CE when this group of people invaded and took over Rome.
Germanic tribes (barbarians)
Name two ways that women in Greece (e.g. Athens) were more restricted than women in Rome.
1. Women in Athens had to be accompanied in public places
2. Women in Athens couldn't own or sell property
3. Women in Athens were NOT citizens
Alexander’s empire helped spread Greek language, art, and this system of government based on citizen participation.
Democracy