Reconstruction & Amendments
Reconstruction lasted from 1865 to _____ year and focused on rebuilding the South and integrating formerly enslaved people into society.
What is 1877?
What is the meaning of the word Reconstruction?
What is to rebuild?
Terrorist group who attacked newly freed blacks in the south
Who is the KKK?
What was Jim Crow Laws?
What are laws to segregate people by color?
The Compromise of 1877 resolved the disputed 1876 presidential election by giving the presidency to Rutherford B. Hayes in exchange for_________.
What is the withdrawal (removal) of federal troops from Southern states?
This 1865 Amendment abolished slavery throughout the United States.
What is the Thirteenth Amendment?
What was the main purpose of the Black Codes?
What is to restrict the freedom (rights) of African Americans?
In the election of 1868, Ulysses S. Grant won the presidency largely because of votes from this group.
Who are African Americans?
The 1896 Supreme Court case that ruled segregation was constitutional as long as 'separate but equal' facilities were provided.
What is Plessy v. Ferguson?
Jim Crow laws enforced this in Southern states.
What is segregation (separation of whites and blacks in public places)?
Passed in 1868, the _____ Amendment granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the U.S., including formerly enslaved people.
What is the Fourteenth Amendment?
This organization established ways to aid and help former enslaved African Americans.
What was the Freedmen's Bureau?
Congress passed this law in 1866 to give African Americans the same legal rights as white Americans.
What is the Civil Rights Act of 1866?
This 1954 Supreme Court ruling overturned Plessy v. Ferguson in public education, declaring segregated schools unconstitutional.
What is Brown v. Board of Education?
Women like Rosa Parks, Ella Baker, Septima Clark, and Fannie Lou Hamer played major roles in the Civil Rights Movement despite facing this double barrier.
What is both racism and sexism?
The Fifteenth Amendment (1870) prohibited denying voting rights based on these three things.
What are race, color, or previous condition of servitude?
The sharecropping system trapped most African Americans in a _________ , preventing them from owning farms or property.
What is a cycle of debt (buying goods on credit and failing to earn enough from selling crops)?
What were two ways black votes were blocked?
What are Poll taxes and literacy tests?
This small but powerful political group pushed for full civil rights for African Americans and more aggressive Reconstruction of the South.
What are the Radical Republicans?
What led federal troops being removed from the Southern states?
What is the Compromise of 1877?
Although the Fifteenth Amendment extended voting rights, it only applied to _________________.
What are African American men (women were excluded)?
What were two ways African Americans exercised their new rights?
What are they were elected to public offices and helped pass laws protecting civil rights?
This 1871 law was passed by Congress specifically to protect African Americans from KKK violence and enforce their civil and voting rights.
What is the Civil Rights Act of 1871?
The 1937 Clark Doll Experiment provided evidence of __________ harm caused by racial segregation, helping lawyers argue Brown v. Board of Education.
What is psychological harm to Black children (damage to their self-worth and identity)?
After the Compromise of 1877, Southern states used poll taxes and literacy tests to do this to Black men.
What is disenfranchise them (prevent them from voting)?