Macromolecules
What are the 4 biomolecules
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Organic molecules are large complex molecules whose structure is based on a backbone of a ________________ atom
Enzymes are which biomolecule
Proteins
A polar molecule is defined as
a molecule with uneven magnetic charges
Define the following prefixes/suffixes
Mono =
Poly =
Mer=
Mono= one
poly= many
mer= unit
The monomer for carbohydrates
monosaccharides
True or False:
Living organisms are made up of both organic and inorganic molecules
True
Enzymes are used to speed up chemical reactions but in doing so they ______________ the activation energy of a reaction.
decrease
Acids release _____ ions when dissolved
Bases release _____ ions when dissolved
Acids = H+
Bases = OH-
the process through which macromolecules are made is known as
Polymerization
The bonding process for all macromolecules
Dehydration reaction/synthesis
True or False
Carbon can covalently bind up to 6 other elements
False,
it can only bind 4
The _________ ________ is the place that the substrate attaches to the enzyme.
active site
Cohesion is made possible due to
hydrogen bonds
monomers are smaller, simpler molecules that bind together to form larger complex molecules know as
Polymers
The function for nucleic acids
codes for information for all proteins in body/cells
Tell whether the following molecules are inorganic or organic.
- CH4
- OH
-H2O
-C6H12O6
Organic
Inorganic
Inorganic
Organic
What 2 factors can alter the shape and therefore the function of an enzyme
pH & temperature
What are the 6 properties of water?
Polarity, Density as a solid, Cohesion, Adhesion Universal Solvent, Heat Capacity
A dehydration reaction is.....
A water molecule is (used or released)
ATP is (used or created)
the process of joining monomers to form a polymer.
Water molecule is released
ATP is used
List the elements that compose each of the macromolecules. (you may use the abbreviation from the amobea sisters video)
Carbs - CHO
Lipids - CHO
Proteins - CHONS
Nucleic Acids - CHONP
List the 6 elements that are the main components of 96% of life on Earth
C- carbon
H- hydrogen
N- nitrogen
O- oxygen
P- phosphorus
S- sulfur
In the steps of an enzymatic reaction this step called ________________ happens when the substrate is changed to create the new product
catalysis
Explain capillary action & give an example
water travels against gravity through the vessels
Ex: veins, plants
ATP is the energy of the cell. When bonds are broken between _______________ groups energy is released.
Phosphate