2.01A
Graphics
- anything on the page that is not
actual text, from simple line drawings to fully
active images found on the World Wide Web.
There are many different graphic file formats.
The format you choose depends on several
factors.
Transparency
Allows the background color of an image to be
“eliminated” or made transparent so that the
background behind the image can be seen.
It makes part of the image invisible, or “see-through.”
Points
The most common unit of measurement forcomputer screen display.Generally represented by one dot that isilluminated on a computer screen.Many pixels make up an image or images.A precise measurement system for web-design.Lacks flexibility as screen sizes change.
The standard unit of measurement for typefaces.1 point represents 1/72 of an inch.Therefore text formatted with a font size of 72 ptis about one inch.However, variations occur due to font designs.Standard size for print paragraphs = 12 pt (Generally
Image Output Methods
Images can be viewed in two ways
On a screen or monitor or by printing it on paper
Monitors
Monitors are low resolution devices, most display 72 ppi.
Additional image resolution will increase file size, without affecting
display quality.
Printers
The resolution at which printers can print is measured in Dots Per
Inch (DPI).
Printers are high resolution devices and require high resolution
images in order to print images clearly without pixelation or
blurriness.
Drawing
▫Drawing – using shapes or other tools such as the pen or pencil to simulate the experience of drawing on paper.Pen tool – it uses anchor points and paths to allow you to create straight lines, Bezier lines (curved), and shapes in a countless amount of combinations. Considered one of the most powerful tools in graphic design.
Bezier – a curved segment of a path which uses handles to control the shape of the curve.
Factors that Affect Graphic
Format
Color depth
Compression
Portability
Transparency
Factors to Consider When
Choosing a Graphic File Format
Which file format is best for a particular
application? Or Output?
How important is the quality of the image when
transferred, copied, or displayed?
How important is the speed at which the image
transfers or loads?
How important is file size?
Picas
Quiz time: What is 11 inches divided by 3?
Quiz time, part two: What is 72 divided by 3?
One pica equals 1/6 of an inch. Six picas per inch.
Often used in print design, since it is easily divisible.
Picas work well when applying the Rule of Third
Match The Image Quality To The
Delivery Method
Images that will be displayed on a monitor do not need
a high resolution.
Using a low resolution means smaller file sizes.
Images with small file sizes load quicker
.Images that will be printed need a higher resolution.
Images with 300 PPI are better for printing on more
sophisticated printers and will produce higher-quality
photographs.
Tracing
Image Trace – a tool in a vector program will take a raster image or
scanned drawing and automatically convert it to paths, based on
selected settings.
Color Depth
The number of colors per pixel that can be
contained in an image.
Most graphics editing programs will allow you
to set the color depth for your image.
Different graphic formats contain different
numbers of colors per pixel.
What Unit of Measurement to Use
Quiz Question: List as many units of
measurement that you can think of as a class.
•
Inches
•
Pixels
•Points
•Picas
Did you have more than one from the list below?
We generally pick what we are comfortable with,
but in Graphic Design it should be based on
need.
Begin with the End
When talking about image
resolution and color mode to
choose when designing, you
have to think about what the
desired output will be.
Web? Or Print?
What About Color Mode?
Color Modes:
a mathematical model that describes
the way colors can be represented as numbers or
percentages, typically with three or four values.
There are many types of color modes, but generally you will work with two when editing raster images.
RGB Color
CMYK Color
What
The Pathfinder
Pathfinder – a tool that contains four shapeoptions and six pathfinder options that allow youcombine multiple objects in a variety to way tocreate complex shapes. Some options include:Unite – combines all selected shapes into one shape.Minus Front – subtracts the top shape from thebottom most shape.Minus Back – subtracts the bottom shape from thetop shape.Divide – separates the selected shapes in individualparts.
Effects
•Vector Effects – commands that can be applied to anobject, group, or layer to change its characteristics, suchas distort and transform, warp, and stylize.
Compression
Compression refers to how an image is
saved in order to reduce the file size.
The greater the compression, the lower
the quality
Two types:
◦Lossless
Reduces the file size without losing any pixel data
Quality is not compromised
◦Lossy
Alters and/or eliminates some data
The more the image is reduced, the more the
quality is degraded
Inches
The standard unit of measurement for the
United States and U.S. standard sized papers.
What is 8.5” x 11” called? 11” x 14”? 11” x
17”?
Letter, Legal, and Tabloid
Letter size is standard for most printers,
resumes, and other common documents.
Works well when defining document sizes for
print.
What most of us are com
What is resolution?
Resolution is a measure of the amount of detailthat is stored in a digital image.Higher resolution means higher quality.But is high resolution always a good thing.Lower resolution means lower quality.But is lower resolution always a bad thing.
RGB Color
RGB: assigns an intensity value to each pixel ranging from 0 to 255 for each of the red, green, and blue components in an image.If all RGB values are 0, you get black.If all RGB values are 255, you get white.On-screen display is represented by RGB, therefore RGB color is best used for images that will be displayed on a monitor or webpage.RGB Color
Effects
Vector Effects – commands that can be applied to an
object, group, or layer to change its characteristics, such as distort and transform, warp, and stylize
Portability
How easily you can open, modify, and view
the files on computers using different
operating systems, software and browsers.
Pixels
The most common unit of measurement forcomputer screen display.Generally represented by one dot that isilluminated on a computer screen.Many pixels make up an image or images.A precise measurement system for web-design.Lacks flexibility as screen sizes change.
Image Resolution
Resolution is measured in PPI, or pixels
per inch (the number of pixels contained in
one inch).
The higher the PPI, the better the quality.
The higher the PPI, the larger the file size.
Image editing software can be used to
change the resolution of an image.
CMYK Color
CMYK: assigns a percentage value for each of
the process inks. Cyan, magenta, yellow, and
black.
If all percentages are set to 0, the result is
white. If all percentages are set to 100, the
result is black.
An image should be converted to CMYK before
exporting for images
that will be
sent to print.
Type
•Point Type – a line of text that begins atthe point that you click, which expandsas you type. The type will notautomatically wrap to the next line, youmust use enter.•Area Type – uses the boundaries of anarea created by dragging a marquee withthe type tool to control the flow of text.When text gets to the end of theboundary, it automatically wraps to thenext line.
•Type on Path – allows you to attach textto an open or closed path.
•Text Wrap – controls how area text flowsover or around objects and images