The Middle Ages
This term names the system where society is divided into rigid tiers and people usually stay in the class they were born into.
What is Feudalism?
The historical period between the 14th and 17th centuries known for renewed interest in art, learning, and the classics.
What is the Renaissance?
This invention allowed books and pamphlets to be mass-produced, which increased literacy and helped people read the Bible for themselves.
What is the Printing Press?
These are the ‘3 G’s’ that motivated European explorers.
What is Gold, God, and Glory?
How is Renaissance art different from Middle Ages art?
Middle Age Art: Dull property of church, Not life like, 2D, Flat, No nudity, Inspired by God.
Renaissance Art: Life-like, Property of artist, Explored more art forms(Sculptures, Shadows,etc.), Inspired by God, Study of the body.
This is another common name for the disease that killed huge numbers of Europeans in the 1300s.
What is the Black Death(or the Plague)?
This powerful Italian family became wealthy through banking and became famous for supporting artists
Who are the Medici (or the Medici family)?
In 1517 this German monk nailed his ‘95 Theses’ to a church door, criticizing indulgences and starting the Reformation.
Who is Martin Luther?
This term names the large‑scale transfer of plants, animals, people, and diseases between the Old World and New World after 1492.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
Which of these would a Renaissance person who liked individualism value most? And why?
Winning battles for the army, Being known for your own work and ideas, Doing what your family has always done, or Doing whatever the country tells you to do.
Being known for your own work and ideas
This group made up the largest part of society (about 90%) and included peasants, serfs, and many workers.
Who are the peasants?
After the Black Plague, there were more jobs than people, so many peasants and workers became this.
What are merchants (or what are artisans/traders)?
People who could now read the Bible themselves increased this skill across Europe.
What is literacy?
Name one form of organized resistance enslaved Africans used in the Americas.
Revolts, fought back during raids, escaped along the journey to the coast, revolted aboard slave ships, slowed down their work, broke or hid tools, pretended to be sick, or destroyed crops to disrupt plantation systems
Name one thing the Church did to people who opposed it?
Labeling them heretics, excommunication, prison, execution, etc.
This famous artistic idea (French for ‘Dance of the Dead’) reminded people that death comes for everyone, from serf to king.
What is Danse Macabre?
This is one sign of recovering from the ‘Dark Ages’ that shows more people could read and write.
What are rising literacy rates?
Luther doing this helped his ideas spread rapidly across Europe and allowed ordinary people to read and form their own beliefs from scripture.
What is Luther’s translation of the Bible into the common language(German)?
This brutal sea journey packed enslaved Africans into unsanitary ships with high death rates.
What is the Middle Passage?
Explain how the triangular slave trade is an example of mercantilism.
The triangular slave trade is an example of mercantilism because it supplied colonies with enslaved labor to produce export goods for the mother country(European Nations).
Name two groups who were at the top tier of feudal society and explain briefly who had the most power.
Who are kings and nobles(lords or knights)?
These Renaissance artists share names with the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles and were supported by Medici patronage.
Who are Leonardo (da Vinci), Michelangelo (Buonarroti), Donatello, and Raphael?
Explain in one sentence why the sale of indulgences made people angry.
What is: Because indulgences let wealthy people pay for reduced punishment, which seemed like buying forgiveness and treated the poor unfairly?
Explain how the ‘3 G’s’ (Gold, God, Glory) were used to justify exploration and the mistreatment of Indigenous peoples.
What is: GOD was used as a moral justification to convert and control Indigenous peoples; GLORY drove nations and explorers to seek fame and dominance; and GOLD led colonists to exploit resources and use enslaved people for labor to generate huge profits.
What motivated the Portuguese and Spanish to establish water routes to Asia’s spice markets?
Muslim-controlled trade routes between Europe and Asia charged taxes and fees to merchants, which made spices expensive.