Water Molecules
What term describes a water molecule because it has a slightly positive end and a slightly negative end?
Polar
What property describes water molecules sticking to other water molecules?
Cohesion
Ice is ______ dense than liquid water.
Less
Increases
A paperclip is carefully placed on the surface of water and does not immediately sink. What property of water is responsible?
Surface Tension
What causes the electrons in a water molecule to create an uneven distribution of charge?
Electrons are shared unequally
What property describes water sticking to another material, such as glass?
Adhesion
Why does ice float on liquid water?
Ice is less dense than liquid water
Why does hydrostatic pressure increase as depth increases?
There is a greater amount of water pressing downward from above.
A plant's roots absorb water, and the water moves upward through narrow spaces in the plant. What two properties work together to make this possible?
Adhesion & Cohesion
What type of bond holds the hydrogen and oxygen atoms together within one water molecule?
Covalent Bond
What process occurs when water moves upward through narrow spaces in plant tissues because of adhesion and cohesion?
Capillary Action
When freshwater freezes, how do hydrogen bonds arrange the water molecules?
They arrange the molecules into a more open structure.
What upward force provided by water helps objects float?
Buoyancy
Two water samples have the same temperature. Sample A contains more dissolved salt than Sample B. Which sample is generally more dense?
Sample A
What type of attraction occurs between the slightly positive hydrogen of one water molecule and the slightly negative oxygen of another?
Hydrogen Bond
What property creates the film-like surface that allows a water strider to walk across water?
Surface Tension
Why is a layer of floating ice important to organisms living in a frozen lake?
It helps insulate the liquid water below from extremely cold air temperatures.
An object floats higher in saltwater than freshwater. Why?
Saltwater is generally denser and can provide a greater buoyant force.
A coastal community experiences smaller temperature changes than a nearby inland community. What property of water helps explain this?
High specific heat capacity
Explain the difference between a covalent bond and a hydrogen bond in water.
Covalent bonds hold the atoms together within a water molecule, while hydrogen bonds attract neighboring water molecules.
Water requires a relatively large amount of energy to change temperature. What property of water explains this?
High Specific Heat Capacity
If ice were more dense than liquid water, what would most likely happen to ice in a cold lake?
Ice would sink, and the lake could potentially freeze from the bottom upward.
A scuba diver moves from 5 meters below the surface to 25 meters below the surface. Predict what happens to the pressure and explain why.
Pressure increases because there is more water pressing downward from above.
Scientists observe cold, salty seawater sinking beneath warmer, less salty seawater. What three factors explain this movement?
Temperature, salinity, and density differences.