Unit 2- Branches of Government

Vocab

100

the intentional use of redistricting to benefit interest groups of voter

Gerrymandering

200

institutional advantages helf by those already in office who are trying to fend off challengers in an election

Incumbency advantage

300

spending for programs and policies at the discretion of Congress and the president 

Discretionary spending

400

President and vice president elected together

Twelfth amendment

500

when the government spends more than government revenue

deficit 

Judicial

100

judicial review 

Marbury v. Madison

200

requests files and records from the lower court

Writ of certiorari

300

the court has the authority to appeal the jurisdiction of another court 

appellate jurisdiction

400

sets up court system in the order of district, court of appeals, and supreme court 

Judiciary act of 1789

500

Claims the judicial branch is the weakest and supports an independent judiciary 

Federalist 78

Executive

100

candidate must be how old to run for president?

35

200

Two term limit

22nd amendment 

300

appeal to the public to pressure other branches of government to support their policies 

Bully pulpit

400

Acts as chief executive, chief legislator, commander in chief, and unofficial party leader 

president 

500

Supports single, energetic executive 

Federalist 70

Legislative

100

using unlimited debate with the intention of talking a bill to death, delay a motion or postpone action.

Filibuster

200

 a strategy where the president promotes himself and his policies in Washington by appealing directly to the people for support

going public 

300

an executive office that aids president in setting spending agenda 

Office of Management and Budget

400

members of congress bring underrepresented issues to the attention of the legislative agenda 

substantive representation

500

Temporary House-Senate committee whose goal is to find a compromise on conflicting versions of a bill

conference committees 

Take a Chance;)

100

Amendment used in Shaw v. Reno 

14th Amendment

200

Clause used in Baker v Carr

Equal Protection Clause

300

confers citizenship to any person born within the borders of the United States. Provided by the Fourteenth Amendment

Jus Soli

400

an order compelling a government official to perform a mandatory duty they are legally required to do 

writ of mandamus 

500

coordinated and mutually beneficial activities of the bureaucracy, Congress, and interest groups to achieve shared policy goals 

Iron triangle