Historical Introduction
What were the 13 colonies under British government?
¿Cuáles eran las 13 colonias bajo el gobierno británico?
Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, and Virginia
What are the 3 unalienable rights according to Jefferson?
¿Cuáles son los 3 derechos inalienables según Jefferson?
Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness
It is a type of government that favors the voices of the people to elect leaders in a certain country.
Es un tipo de gobierno que privilegia la voz del pueblo para elegir gobernantes en un determinado país.
Democracy
This word refers to an intellect that is false or misleading.
Esta palabra se refiere a un intelecto que es falso o engañoso.
Intellectual Facade or facade
Complete the analogy below:
First Secretary of State: ________
First Treasury Secretary: ___________
Complete la siguiente analogía:
Primer Secretario de Estado: ________
Primer Secretario del Tesoro: ___________
First Secretary of State: Thomas Jefferson
First Treasury Secretary: Alexander Hamilton
What philosophy has a belief that human beings can arrive at truth by using reason?
¿Qué filosofía cree que los seres humanos pueden llegar a la verdad mediante el uso de la razón?
Rationalism
Simplify this one of the grievances provided in the Declaration of Independence:
He has obstructed the administration of justice by refusing his assent to laws for establishing judicial powers.
Simplifiquemos esta de las quejas previstas en la Declaración de Independencia:
Ha obstruido la administración de justicia al negarse a aprobar leyes que establezcan poderes judiciales.
Obstructed synonyms: block, clog, cut off, shut off
Refusing synonyms: decline, ignore, protest, rebuff, reject, turn down, withdraw, withhold.
Assent synonyms: approve, accept, confirm, ratify, pass
The word "eclipsed" in the text Best of Enemies means ____________?
The Virginian was eclipsed by the 35-year-old wunderkind from the Caribbean, who was a lowly artillery captain in New York when Jefferson composed the famous document.
La palabra "eclipsado" en el texto "Best of Enemies" significa ____________?
El virginiano fue eclipsado por el joven prodigio caribeño de 35 años, quien era un modesto capitán de artillería en Nueva York cuando Jefferson redactó el famoso documento.
replaced/overpowered/overlapped
This word means that the belief of personal pleasure is the primary goal in life.
Esta palabra significa que la creencia en el placer personal es el objetivo principal en la vida.
Hedonism
He advocated a vigorous central government marked by a strong President, an independent judiciary, and a liberal reading of the Constitution.
Abogó por un gobierno central vigoroso caracterizado por un Presidente fuerte, un poder judicial independiente y una lectura liberal de la Constitución.
Alexander Hamilton
What pamphlet helped move the colonists toward revolution, and who wrote it?
¿Qué panfleto ayudó a los colonos a avanzar hacia la revolución y quién lo escribió?
Common Sense by Thomas Paine
What is the meaning of this grievance:
He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people.
¿Cuál es el significado de esta queja?
Ha saqueado nuestros mares, asolado nuestras costas, quemado nuestras ciudades y destruido la vida de nuestro pueblo.
Answers should relate to a tyrant.
Hamilton dreamed of meritocracy and not an aristocracy.
What is the meaning of the highlighted words?
Hamilton soñaba con la meritocracia, no con la aristocracia.
¿Cuál es el significado de las palabras resaltadas?
Meritocracy: government or the holding of power by people selected based on their ability.
Aristocracy: a form of government in which power is held by the nobility/ elites.
Hamilton considered Jefferson a credulous apologist for the gory excesses of the French Revolution.
Define the two highlighted words above.
Hamilton consideraba a Jefferson un crédulo apologista de los sangrientos excesos de la Revolución Francesa.
Defina las dos palabras resaltadas arriba.
Credulous: having or showing too great a readiness to believe things
Gory: involving or showing violence and bloodshed
Along with James Madison, Thomas Jefferson hired this person to become the State Department Translator of the National Gazette, an opposition paper.
Junto con James Madison, Thomas Jefferson contrató a esta persona para que se convirtiera en el traductor del Departamento de Estado del National Gazette, un periódico de la oposición.
Philip Freneau
Aside from the statesmen who contributed to the political writing, what other forms of writing were created to express the freedom and rights of the people?
Además de los estadistas que contribuyeron a la escritura política, ¿qué otras formas de escritura se crearon para expresar la libertad y los derechos del pueblo?
Poems/Poetry
What is the meaning of this statement of redress:
In every stage of these oppressions, we have petitioned for redress in the most humble terms; our repeated petitions have been answered only by repeated injury. A prince whose character is thus marked by every act which may define a tyrant is unfit to be the ruler of a free people.
¿Cuál es el significado de esta declaración de reparación?
En cada etapa de estas opresiones, hemos solicitado reparación con la mayor humildad; nuestras reiteradas peticiones solo han recibido respuesta con reiterados agravios. Un príncipe cuyo carácter está marcado por cada acto que pueda definir a un tirano no es apto para gobernar un pueblo libre.
The American colonists repeatedly and humbly asked the British King to get rid of the oppressive and unfair laws, but their pleas were met with more harm and injustice instead of help.
He had a true zest for debate and never left anyone guessing where he stood. Jefferson, more than a decade older, had the quiet, courtly manner of a Virginia planter.
What is the meaning of the highlighted words above?
Tenía un auténtico entusiasmo por el debate y nunca dejaba a nadie con la duda. Jefferson, más de una década mayor, tenía el porte tranquilo y cortés de un hacendado de Virginia.
¿Cuál es el significado de las palabras resaltadas arriba?
A kind of debate style with enthusiasm, keen enjoyment, and spirited energy.
Throughout the 1790s, the Hamilton-Jefferson feud continued to _______ in both domestic and foreign affairs.
Choose an appropriate word above:
a. credulous
b. fester
c. glee
A lo largo de la década de 1790, la disputa entre Hamilton y Jefferson continuó _______ tanto en asuntos internos como externos.
Elige una palabra apropiada arriba:
a. crédulo
b. supurar
c. regocijo
B. Fester
become worse or more intense
She was known as "African Venus" and Jefferson's concubine (mistress).
Era conocida como "la Venus africana" y la concubina (amante) de Jefferson.
Sally Hemings
In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson declared a natural law. Describe this law in a complete sentence.
En la Declaración de Independencia, Thomas Jefferson declaró una ley natural. Describe esta ley en una oración completa.
This natural law is the idea that people are born with rights and freedoms and that it is the function of government to protect those freedoms in a democratic society.
What are the 5 parts of the US public document, The Declaration of Independence?
¿Cuáles son las 5 partes del documento público de EE.UU., La Declaración de Independencia?
1. Preamble (Introduction)
2. Statement of Beliefs
3. List of Grievances (Indictment)
4. Past Attempts to Redress (Denunciation)
5. Declaration of Independence (Conclusion)
It refers to a shared distrust and negative belief system that exists between people, where each individual suspects the other of selfish and dishonest motives, leading to a cycle of suspicion and isolation.
Se refiere a una desconfianza compartida y un sistema de creencias negativas que existe entre las personas, donde cada individuo sospecha que el otro tiene motivos egoístas y deshonestos, lo que conduce a un ciclo de sospecha y aislamiento.
mutual cynicism
What is the meaning of "The amorous Treasury Secretary?"
¿Cuál es el significado de "El amoroso Secretario del Tesoro"?
A reference to the 1790s affair between Alexander Hamilton and a married woman named Maria Reynolds.
Amorous: having or showing strong feelings of love or sexual desire
What is the main difference between the economic visions of America held by Jefferson and Hamilton?
A. Jefferson’s vision was urban, while Hamilton’s was rural.
B. Jefferson’s vision was modern, while Hamilton’s was agrarian.
C. Jefferson’s vision included slavery, while Hamilton’s was abolitionist.
D. Jefferson’s vision included government controls, while Hamilton favored the aristocracy.
¿Cuál es la principal diferencia entre las visiones económicas de Estados Unidos de Jefferson y Hamilton?
A. La visión de Jefferson era urbana, mientras que la de Hamilton era rural.
B. La visión de Jefferson era moderna, mientras que la de Hamilton era agraria.
C. La visión de Jefferson incluía la esclavitud, mientras que la de Hamilton era abolicionista.
D. La visión de Jefferson incluía el control gubernamental, mientras que Hamilton favorecía a la aristocracia.
C. Jefferson’s vision included slavery, while Hamilton’s was abolitionist.