Prokaryotic Cells
What is a prokaryotic cell?
A simple cell with no nucleus or membrane bound organelles.
What is a eukaryotic cell?
A more complex cell that contains a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
What is the function of the cell wall?
Provides rigid structure to cells like plant, fungi, and bacteria cells
What is cellular respiration?
The process of breaking down glucose in food to convert to ATP energy, also forming the byproducts of carbon dioxide and water (opposite cycle of photosynthesis)
Name one similarity between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
cell membrane, ribosomes, DNA, cytoplasm
Name one example of a prokaryotic organism.
bacteria, archaea
Name one organelle found in eukaryotic cells.
(Answers vary)
What structure is responsible for creating ribosomes?
the nucleolus
Explain the process of osmosis.
Water moves from lower concentration of solute to higher concentration of solute
Describe one difference in DNA structure between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Eukaryotic- organized into chromosomes inside the nucleus
Prokaryotic- floating in the nucleoid
What is the primary function of the cell membrane in prokaryotes?
Transport of materials in and out of the cell
What is the function of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells?
Manages cell functions, holds DNA
Describe the role of ribosomes in cells.
Assemble protein from amino acids
How do cells maintain homeostasis?
Regulating temperature, nutrients, and water in the cells to help maintain a balance
What is the significance of cell size in prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes?
Prokaryotic is smaller and less complex than eukaryotic cells.
What makes bacterial DNA different when compared with human DNA
Circular DNA
How do eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells?
Pro = no, Eu = do. Prokaryotic cells are simpler and smaller than eukaryotic cells.
What is the difference between rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Rough ER have ribosomes
What is the role of the cytoskeleton in a cell?
Provides structure for the cell
What are the three types of symbiosis with examples
Mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism
What are three different examples of locomotion for bacteria
Explain the role of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells.
Break down glucose to release ATP energy
How do lysosomes contribute to cellular function?
They break down old or damaged cell parts and waste
What does extremophile mean and what is an example
Organism that lives in extreme environments (high pressure) - Archaea
Name the three different ways we talked about organisms acquire food
Autotroph
Heterotroph
Saprotroph