Cells &Organelles
Cells without a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles are called ______.
Prokaryotic cell (or prokaryote)
The selective movement of substances into and out of a cell is called ______ permeability
Selective (or selective)
A group of similar cells that perform the same function is called a ______.
Tissue
A testable prediction made before an experiment is called a ______.
Hypothesis
Advances in what technology increased the understanding of cells?
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Microscopes
These cell structures make proteins and can be free in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
Daily Double
Ribosomes
What is it called when an organism is in a balanced condition?
homeostasis
Put these in order from smallest to largest: organ, cell, organ system, tissue, organism, organelle.
Daily double, only after the first attempt on this question
organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
A widely accepted explanation supported by lots of evidence, but still open to revision, is called a ______.
Scientific theory
List 4 things that are needed by living things.
Water, Air, Shelter, and Food
This organelle converts chemical energy in food into ATP, the cell’s usable energy.
Mitochondrion (mitochondria)
The set of chemical reactions in a cell that provide energy and build molecules is called ______. Think, processing of food in your body.
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Metabolism
An organism made of many cells with different jobs is called ______.
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Multicellular
A statement that describes an observed pattern in nature and is usually always true is called a ______.
Scientific law
What are the 6 characteristics of living things?
Made of cells, growth/development, reproduction, response to stimuli, contains DNA, and use engery.
Name two structures that plant cells have but animal cells typically do not.
Cell wall and chloroplasts (also large central vacuole)
The function of this organelle is designed to support the cell by providing structure and stregnth.
Cell Wall
Describe what an organ system is and provide one example.
Any correct organ system and two organs accepted
Give one example of a stimulus and the corresponding response in an organism.
any answer will work as long as they make sense. For example, hand on a hot stove would stimulate the person to remove their hand.
Living organisms have cells that are broken down into two major classes. They are....
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
Explain the most important structural difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and how that difference affects their role in life.
Eukaryotic have a nucleus that stores the DNA and has membrane bound organelles
Describe how mitochondria and chloroplasts contribute differently to a cell’s energy needs.
Mitochondria provide ATP for most cells, while chloroplasts allow plants to make their own food.
will accept: makes energy and food
Why can't different types of cells in the human body replace each other in a variety of ways?
Form fits its function. Each cell type is specific to its function.
Compare and contrast a scientific theory and a scientific law. Include how each is supported by evidence and how they are used in science.
A scientific theory is an explanation of natural phenomena supported by extensive evidence and multiple tests; it explains why things happen (e.g., cell theory explains characteristics of cells). A scientific law is a statement that describes an observed regularity in nature, often expressed mathematically, and predicts what will happen under certain conditions; it does not explain why (e.g., laws of motion).
The study of living things/cells provided scientist with specific information about cells. They came up with ideas that eventually were composed into The Cell Theory. List the Cell Theory.
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Cells are the basic Unit of Living Things
All Cells are produced from other cells
All living things are composed of cells