Organelle Analogies
It's like the boss of a company.
Nucleus
List one principle of cell theory.
1. All living things are made of cells.
2. Cells are the most basic unit of life.
3. All cells come from other cells.
What is another name for the cell membrane?
Phospholipid bilayer
Name the molecule that passes through the cell membrane in a process called osmosis.
water
How many chromosomes are in human cells?
46
It's like generators for a building.
Mitochondria.
What are the two major distinctions between cell types - for example, human cells vs. bacteria.
Eukaryotes and prokaryotes
Give an example of a negative feedback loop.
[multiple answers]
Name two molecules that can pass through the cell membrane by simple diffusion.
oxygen and carbon dioxide
In what phase is the DNA replicated?
S phase
It's like solar panels for generating electricity.
Chloroplast
List two features of eukaryotic cells.
nucleus
membrane-bound organelles
division by mitosis
[other possible responses]
The cell membrane is "picky" about some molecules entering. It allows some to enter and keeps others out. We say that the cell membrane is...
selectively permeable
Osmosis is an example of what kind of diffusion?
Facilitated - it requires a protein channel
The cell spends the majority of its life in what phase?
Interphase
It builds the main products of a company, like doughnuts for a doughnut factory.
Ribosome (builds proteins)
Describe three identifying features of prokaryotes.
no nucleus
no membrane-bound organelles
division by binary fission
cell walls
If a cell is placed into an extremely salty solution, (1) what is that solution called and (2) will water move into or out of the cell?
(1) hypertonic
(2) out of
Water moves towards areas of greater solute concentration.
In what phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate?
Anaphase
It's like a post office that sorts, packages, and ships the major products of a company.
Golgi Apparatus
Name three things ALL cells have in common.
genetic material (DNA or RNA)
cytoplasm
cell membrane
ribosomes
Describe three features of active transport.
1. requires a protein pump
2. uses energy
3. molecules move against the concentration gradient
What is the name for the splitting of the cytoplasm, in which two daughter cells physically move apart?
cytokinesis