Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote
This is an example of a prokaryote.
What are bacteria?
This is the powerhouse of the cell because it makes ATP energy.
What are mitochondria?
Molecules move in this direction in passive transport
High to low (down the concentration gradient)
What are the 2 types of eukaryotic cells?
What are plants and animals
Active transport requires an input of what?
Organic molecules are made of this element.
What is carbon?
This is one difference between a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell.
What is a prokaryote is simple, and eukaryotes are complex, prokaryotes have no membrane bound organelles, etc?
This is the site of protein synthesis in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
What are the ribosomes?
These are the three types of passive transport.
What are diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis?
What organelles are ONLY in plant cells?
What are chloroplast and cell wall
During active transport, molecules move in this direction.
What is against the concentration gradient? LOW TO HIGH
This is the monomer of a protein.
What is an amino acid?
This is the region in a prokaryotic where the genetic information is stored.
What is the nucleoid region (DNA)?
What are the 2 kinds of ERs, and what do they do?
What are Smooth makes lipids, and Rough makes and transports proteins
A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will do this.
What is shrink?
What does the nucleolus do and where is it located?
What I makes ribosomes in the nucleus
A cell with 60% water is placed in a solution with 30% solute. Will the water move in or out of the cell?
The water will move into the cell (swell)
Two functions of lipids.
What are insulation, long-term energy and composition of the cell membrane?
What is the name of the hairs on the outside of prokaryotes that help them stick to surfaces?
What is pilus?
These two organelles are unique to animal cells.
What are lysosomes and centrioles?
What is osmosis?
Passive transport, moves water from high to low
What does the Golgi body do?
package, sort, modify materials (proteins + lipids)
What is the difference between facilitated and simple diffusion?
simple diffusion goes through the phospholipid bilayer, facilitated diffusion uses transport proteins
Sarah want to find out if adding salt to slugs diets will cause an increase in shell density. She decides to give 1 snail 50 mg of salt, 1 snail 30 mg of salt, 1 snail 10 mg of salt, and 1 snail no salt.
What are the independent & dependent variables AND the control?
What is amount of salt (IV), shell density (DV), and the snail with no salt (control)
What are all the "organelles" (non-membrane bound) that prokaryotes and eukaryotes share?
what are ribosomes, cell membrane, cytoplasm, cell wall?
They are the 1st line of attack/defense because they break things down with digestive enzymes
What are the differences between pinocytosis and phagocytosis?
What is pinocytosis brings in water, and phagocytosis brings in food?
Explain in detail the differences between animal cell vacuoles, and plant cell vacuoles (structure + function)
What is animal cell vacuoles are smaller and there are more of them, they store waste, food, water. Plant cells are large, there is just 1, and they are central to the cell. They store water and push against the cell to wall to keep it rigid.
A hypertonic cell is placed into a hypotonic solution, what happens to the cell?
The cell will swell
This is carbohydrate storage in plants.
What is starch?