Atomic Structure
What are the three main subatomic particles found in an atom?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons
What does the atomic number represent?
The number of protons in an atom
What is spectroscopy used to determine?
The elements or compounds present based on their light spectra
Which type of electromagnetic wave has the longest wavelength?
Radio waves
How many electrons can the first energy level hold?
2 electrons
What part of the atom contains most of its mass?
The nucleus
Elements in the same column are called what?
A group or family
What type of spectrum shows colored lines on a black background?
Emission spectrum
Which color of visible light has the shortest wavelength?
Violet
What is an isotope?
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
DOUBLE JEOPARDY:
Which subatomic particle determines the element’s identity?
The number of protons
What do elements in the same group have in common?
Similar chemical properties and same number of valence electrons
What happens when electrons fall from excited states to lower energy levels?
They emit light of specific wavelengths
What happens to frequency as wavelength increases?
Frequency decreases
How do ions form?
By atoms gaining or losing electrons
What is the charge and location of an electron?
Negative charge; found in the electron cloud/orbitals
DOUBLE JEOPARDY:
What are the horizontal rows of the periodic table called?
Periods
DOUBLE JEOPARDY:
What instrument is used to observe line spectra?
A spectroscope or spectrometer
Name the type of EM wave used in night-vision goggles.
Infrared
DOUBLE JEOPARDY:
What model introduced the idea of electrons orbiting the nucleus in fixed paths?
Bohr model
What happens to an electron when it absorbs energy?
It moves to a higher energy level (excited state)
Which group contains the noble gases?
Group 18
Why does each element have a unique line spectrum?
Because each element has a unique electron arrangement/energy levels
Which type of EM radiation has the highest energy?
Gamma rays
DOUBLE JEOPARDY:
What is the quantum mechanical model of the atom based on?
Probability of finding electrons in regions called orbitals