Perception
relative size, linear perspective, texture gradient, interposition are all examples of this
What are monocular cues?
A cognitive bias that limits a person to using an object only in the way it is traditionally used.
What is functional fixedness?
the phenomenon where individuals underperform in situations where they feel at risk of confirming negative stereotypes about their social group.
What is a stereotype threat?
remembering to perform a planned action or recall a planned intention at some future point.
What is prospective memory?
type of implicit memory that involves the recall of how to perform tasks or skills automatically.
What is a procedural memory?
Our ability to focus on a single conversation in a noisy environment, like a crowded party, while tuning out other stimuli.
What is the cocktail party effect?
A thought process or method used to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions.
the trend of average IQ scores increasing over generations. It suggests a rise in general intelligence due to environmental and cultural factors (we're getting smarter)
What is the Flynn effect?
This type of memory does not require conscious thought and is crucial for performing everyday tasks automatically.
What is implicit memory?
type of explicit memory that involves the recollection of personal experiences and specific events.
What is episodic memory?
mental frameworks that help us organize and interpret information in the world around us.
What are schemas?
Cognitive shortcut wherein individuals make judgments about the probability of an event under uncertainty based on how much it resembles existing stereotypes or typical cases.
What is a representative heuristic?
Consistency in test results over time and among different scorers. It assures that a test yields stable and dependable measurements.
What is reliability?
the tendency to remember items at the beginning (primacy effect) and end (recency effect) of a list better than those in the middle
what is the serial position effect?
Form of short-term memory used for temporarily holding and manipulating information. Short-term and long-term memories combine.
What is your working memory?
A tendency to perceive or notice some aspects of the available sensory data and ignore others. It's influenced by our expectations, experiences, and context, shaping our perception by predisposing us to see what we expect to see.
What is a perceptual set?
Cognitive bias that occurs when individuals believe that the outcome of a random event is influenced by previous outcomes, even though each event is independent and has no bearing on future results.
Gambler's fallacy
the belief that abilities and intelligence can be developed through dedication and effort.
What is growth mindset?
the phenomenon where memory retrieval is most effective when an individual is in the same state of consciousness as they were when the memory was formed.
What is state-dependent memory?
the inability to remember where, when, or how previously learned information has been acquired (lost context), while retaining the factual knowledge.
what is source amnesia?
We perceive whole objects or figures rather than just a collection of parts.
What is the gestalt psychology?
The cognitive process of fitting new information into existing schemas.
What is assimilation?
Shows how well a test can forecast future outcomes or behaviors. It measures if test scores can predict future performance accurately.
what is predictive validity?
The awareness and understanding of one's own thought processes, especially in relation to learning and memory.
What is metacognition?
progressive neurological disorder that leads to memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes.
What is Alzheimers disease?