Origin/Expansion of Feudalism
Feudal Economy
Feudal Society
The Catholic Church
Al-Andalus
100

When did Feudalism occur in Western Europe? (centuries)

Between the 9th and the 15th centuries.

100

Where did the peasants live?

Villages 

100

What was the nobility in charge of?

defending the rest of society in times of war.

100

Who was the highest authority in the Roman Catholic Church

The pope

100

What is the capital of Al-Andalus?

Córdoba

200

What is a ceremony of homage between a vassal and a lord?

In a ceremony of homage, the vassal promises the lord personal loyalty and military assistance. In return, the lord gives the vassal a fiefdom, which was usually a large piece of land.

200

What is the demesne?

The land that the lord used directly.

200

What is the role of the clergy?

They prayed for the salvation of humanity and provided cultural education. There was also a hierarchy within the clergy.

200

What is tithe?

a agricultural tax which the peasants had to pay.

200

Who were the Berbers?

Group from north Africa - were more numerous and they worked as

farmers or soldiers. They felt discriminated by the Arabs.

300

What caused Feudalism to happen in Europe?

Instability in Western Europe after the break-up of the Carolingian Empire in the 9th century.

300

What are dependent holdings?

small plots of land leased by the lord to free peasants in exchange for part of their harvest, taxes and services.

300

Who were the villeins

Free peasants, craftsmen and traders who lived in towns and villages. They were free to leave their lord ́s land.

300

Who are heretics?

Those who diverged from the official doctrine.

300
How long did Muslim rulers control the Iberian Penninsula?

For almost 800 years (711-1492)

400

What is a serf?

Peasants who surrendered their properties for their work.

400

What is a fiefdom/manor?

They were large territories belonging to the monarch or granted by him to the nobles and the clergy in exchange for their services.

400

Who was part of the secular clergy (as opposed to the regular clergy)

The clerics who lived among common people. They were the bishops and priests.

400

The Pope had the power to ________ (expel from the Church and condemned the victim to hell) whoever he wished, including monarchs.

excommunicate

400

List some architectural features used in the Caliphate of Cordoba 

Horseshoe, pointed horseshoe and multi-foil arches. Latticework, stained-glass windows, fountains and pools, flat roofs made of wood and richly decorated domes.

500

Who attacked Europe in the 9th and 10th centuries during a a second wave of invasions?

Vikings, Bulgarians, Magyars and Slavs, and independent Muslim raiders.

500

What are some items owned by the Lord that the peasants had to pay to use?

the mill, the press, the oven and the forge

500

Who were the regular clergy?

The regular clergy were the abbots, monks, abbesses and nuns who lived in monasteries and convents

500

The Church  promoted pilgrimages to which Holy sites?

Rome, Santiago de Compostela and Jerusalem

500

List some agriculture of Al-Andalus

Grains, grapes, olives and fruit trees were cultivated. The Muslims developed irrigation techniques and introduced new crops such as cotton, rice, aubergines and artichokes.