Earth's Layers
What is the outermost solid layer of Earth?
The Crust
What theory explains how Earth's crustal plates move?
The Theory of Plate Tectonics
Sedimentary
What are the three main types of rocks?
Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic
What drives the rock cycle and plate movement?
Earth's internal heat energy
What two metals make up most of Earth's Core?
Iron and Nickel
Which type of plate boundary occurs when two plates move apart?
Divergent boundary
The oldest layers are at the bottom
What processes forms sedimentary rock?
Compaction and Cementation
What evidence supports continental drift?
Fossil, rocks, and climate similarities across continents.
What happens to temperature and pressure as you go deeper inside earth?
What forms when two continental plates collide?
Mountains
What do scientists use to learn about past environments?
Fossils and rock layers
What process changes existing rock with heat and pressure?
Metamorphism
What happens when magma cools slowly below Earth's surface?
Large crystals form or metamorphic rock
Which layer is made of hot, slow-flowing rock that causes convection currents?
The mantle
What causes the movement of plates?
Convection currents in the mantle
What does presence of marine fossils on mountains suggest?
The area was once underwater
What process turns magma into igneous rock?
Cooling and Solidification
Earth's crust is also known as the?
Lithosphere
What is the difference between the outer and inner core?
Outer core is liquid and inner core is solid
What geological event occur at transform boundaries?
Earthquakes
What type of fossil shows evidence of animal activity? like footprints?
Trace Fossil
True or False: Any rock can become any other rock type over time.
What do convergent boundaries sometimes form under the ocean?
Deep ocean trenches or volcanoes