The smallest part of an element that retains the element's properties. The shape of a mineral is determined by their arrangement within the crystal.
What is an atom?
100
They are a naturally-occurring, solid mixture of minerals, which may also include organic matter.
What are rocks?
100
The age of the sea floor, sea-floor spreading at midocean ridges, and the formation of oceran trenches supports this theory.
What is the theory of plate tectonics (continental drift)?
100
This release of potential energy is responsible for earthquakes.
What is elastic rebound?
100
In this fault, the hanging wall moves down in relation to the foot wall. They commonly form due to tension.
What is a normal fault?
200
A chemically bound substance that is made up of two or more elements.
What is a compound?
200
Temperature and this force can lead to mineral formation by breaking atomic bonds and allowing them to rejoin to form new crystalline solids.
What is pressure?
200
These are two types of crust. Some tectonic plates carry one type. Some carry both.
What are continental and oceanic?
200
The process by which rock bends and breaks due to stress.
What is deformation?
200
These faults are common along transform boundaries.
What are strike-slip faults?
300
When it cools quickly, the crystals that form will be small. If it cools slowly over time, the crystals that form will grow larger.
What is magma?
300
Through the rock cycle, rock is formed and changed. Each of these three classes of rock can be changed into another.
What are the igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic?
300
Plates move away from each other at this type of boundary.
What is divergent?
300
Besides lava, volcanoes produce these solid fragments, also known as ash and rock.
What are pyroclastic materials?
300
These mountains form when magma erupts onto the surface as lava. Many are located at convergent boundaries.
What are volcanic mountains?
400
The shape of this formation is determined by its arrangement of atoms. Minerals are grouped into classes according to this shape.
What is a crystal?
400
Subsidence, the sinking of crust, and uplift, the raising of crust, may occur around these zones when plates move apart.
What are rift zones?
400
Plates come together at a convergent boundary. The denser plate is forced below the other and melts in the mantle during this process.
What is subduction?
400
When an earthquake's focus is beneath the ocean, this natural disaster may occur.
What is a tsunami?
400
These mountains form when tension causes the crust to break. Large blocks of crust drop downwards in relation to other blocks.
What are fault-block mountains?
500
Minerals also form from solutions. Water generally contains many dissolved substances. After this process, a mineral formation may be left behind.
What is evaporation?
500
Density increases when approaching these two physical layers of the Earth.
What are the outer and inner core?
500
This force, which scientists believe is the primary cause of plate motion, occurs when crust is sinking at a convergent boundary and pulling the plate along by force of gravity.
What is slab pull?
500
Composite volcanoes share characteristics from these two volcanic mountain types.
What are shield and cinder cone volcanoes?
500
These mountains form when rocks layers are squeezed and pushed upwards. Compression folds and then uplifts rock.