The late medieval technological innovation that was largely responsible for the spread of the Renaissance throughout Europe
What is the printing press?
100
One of the early reformers, this individual argued that religious scripture should have more authority and ultimately would be burned at the stake for his “radical” views
Who is Jan Hus?
100
a belief or set of established beliefs
What is a doctrine?
100
Although an Italian, Christopher Columbus actually sailed for this newly formed European kingdom
What is Spain?
100
monumental document challenging the authority of the Catholic Church and jumpstarting the Protestant Reformation
What is the 95 Theses?
200
Forms of art during this period of time included sculpture, stained-glass windows, illuminated manuscripts, and tapestries
What is Medieval?
200
The Reformation Parliament summoned by King Henry VIII ultimately declared that England was no longer under the authority of this figure
Who is the Pope?
200
a pardon from the Catholic Church forgiving one's sins and/or reducing one’s time in Purgatory
What is an indulgence?
200
One of the motivating factors in the Age of Exploration was the desire to spread this world religion
What is Christianity (Catholicism & Protestantism)?
200
official declaration from the pope
What is a papal bull?
300
Renaissance thinkers who believed in the limitless potential of the individual believed in this “ism”
What is humanism?
300
Martin Luther, the principal reformer of the Protestant Reformation, argued that this was the “true treasure of the Church”
What are the holy scriptures of the New Testament (Bible)?
300
going against established religious authority
What is heresy?
300
Spices were another motivation for European explorers and their value encouraged explorers to seek new trade routes to this Old World continent
What is Asia?
300
refers to Jews and Muslims who converted to Christianity during the Spanish Inquisition but often secretly practiced their traditional religion
What are conversos?
400
Writers and artists such as Erasmus, Petrarch, and Shakespeare were examples of creative minds of this period/location of the Renaissance
What is the Northern Renaissance?
400
The Jesuits were formed out of the Catholic Counter-Reformation and attempted to combat the Protestant Reformation primarily through this
What is education?
400
formal expulsion from the Catholic Church
What is excommunication?
400
Two groups controlled the flow of trade in the late 1400s/early 1500s, making European trade with the East costly - name one of them
Who are the Muslims OR the Italians?
400
religious courts set up during the Spanish Inquisition to process and investigate false Christians
What were tribunals?
500
Art during this period of time included both religious and nonreligious scenes and often featured an interest in nature
What is Renaissance?
500
This refers to the religiously, economically, & politically motivated period of time involving an attempt by Catholic Spain to eliminate false Christians from the Iberian Peninsula
What is the Spanish Inquisition?
500
form of government in which religion, God, or scriptures form the basis of political authority
What is a theocracy?
500
Technology played a major role in the success of European explorers during the Age of Exploration - identify one of these technologies
What are caravel ships, triangular lateen sails, compass, OR improved weapons (ex. cannons)?
500
Protestant belief that people’s souls are judged for heaven or hell before they are born