Energy
What is the thermal energy of an object?
The total kinetic and potential energies of its particles.
What powered the industrial revolution?
What temperature scale do we use in the US?
Fahrenheit
Food consists of what three basic components?
fats, proteins, carbohydrates
How does a nuclear power plant produce electricity?
Quickly moving neutrons coming out of the reaction are slowed down by water heats up and turns into steam. The steam turns the turbine and produces electricity.
Why does an ice cube melt when you hold it in your hand?
Heat is transferred from your hand to the ice cube.
How can you tell if two objects are in thermal equilibrium?
The objects have the same temperature.
What happens when the temperature of an object increases?
The object's particles move faster.
What kind of energy is required for photosynthesis to occur?
Solar energy
How are fossil fuels used in the harvesting of fresh apples from an apple tree?
Fossil fuels power the machine that shakes the tree so apples fall to the ground.
When a driver touches a car's steering wheel on a hot day, heat is transferred to the driver's hands by ____________?
Conduction
What is true for two pieces of iron at the same temperature?
The average kinetic energy of their particles is the same
What happens when the temperature of an object decreases?
The object's particles move slower.
What makes plants the beginning of the food chain?
Only plants use solar energy in a chemical process to produce food.
Which activity involves using fossil fuels directly or indirectly?
A) using crayons to color
B) Cooking hotdogs on a campfire
C) eating fresh fruit for a snack
D) walking to school
A) Crayons are petroleum based
Sun warms the earth by _______________?
Radiation
What is the relationship between the kinetic energy of molecules in an object and the objects temperature?
As the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the molecules increases.
Which three temperature readings all mean the same thing?
A) 273 Kelvin, 0 degrees Celsius, 32 degrees Fahrenheit
B) 273 Kelvin, 100 degrees Celsius, 212 degrees Fahrenheit
C) 373 Kelvin, 100 degrees Celsius, 273 degrees Fahrenheit
D) 100 Kelvin, 0 degrees Celsius, 32 degrees Fahrenheit
A
What happens when water turns to steam in terms of energy?
The water absorbs energy which causes the water molecules to have more kinetic and potential energy, changing their configuration from a liquid to gas?
In a uranium fission reaction, uranium splits into two smaller atoms and energy. Where did the energy come from?
Some of Uranium's mass is converted into energy, so the smaller atoms have less mass.
What does Einstein's famous equation for nuclear energy, E = mc2 mean?
Some mass is converted to energy in a nuclear reaction.
Why does the sand on a sunny beach burn your feet?
Sand is made of particles possessing thermal energy.
Which three temperature readings all mean the same thing?
A) 273 Kelvin, 0 degrees Celsius, 212 degrees Fahrenheit
B) 273 Kelvin, 100 degrees Celsius, 212 degrees Fahrenheit
C) 373 Kelvin, 100 degrees Celsius, 212 degrees Fahrenheit
D) 100 Kelvin, 0 degrees Celsius, 32 degrees Fahrenheit
C
What happens when ice melts in terms of energy?
The ice absorbs energy which causes the water molecules to have more kinetic energy and potential energy, changing their configuration from a solid to liquid.
In a nuclear power plant, the nuclear reaction is kept from going critical by keeping the rate of reaction safe. How do control rods figure into this?
The control rods absorb excess neutrons, keeping them from causing too many uranium atoms to split too quickly,