Enlightenment
Name 2 enlightenment thinkers
Choices: John Locke, Baron de Montesquieu, Jean-Jaques Rousseau, Voltaire
This execution device was responsible for over 17,000 deaths during the Reign of Terror
The guillotine
This leader, originally from an Italian city state, became the Emperor of France after overthrowing the Directory in 1799.
Napoleon Bonaparte
This Haitian leader led the Haitian revolution against French rule of the island.
Toussaint L'ouverture
This leader was appointed chancellor of Prussia in 1862 and worked to unite the German city states into a unified Empire through his "blood and iron" strategy.
Otto von Bismarck
What is the title given to European monarchs who use Enlightenment ideals in their rule
Enlightened despots
This revolutionary leader led the radical Jacobin party and was responsible for the Reign of Terror before being beheaded himself in 1794.
Maximilien Robespierre
A series of wars fought between France and other European powers (usually fighting as an alliance called the "coalition") between 1803-1816
The Napoleonic Wars
The most important military leader in the struggle for independence in South America. He led military forces in Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.
Simon Bolivar
Name:
- 2 nations that were unified through nationalism
- 2 nations that were divided through nationalism
- Italy & Germany
- Austrian Empire & Ottoman Empire
What were the 3 natural rights that John Locke believed every man should have?
Life, liberty and property
Name the three Estates of pre-revolutionary France, and who was in each estate.
First Estate: Religious leadership (clergy, priests)
Second Estate: Nobles
Third Estate: Poor peasants and workers
This system, intended to hurt the English economy, ended up hurting the entire European economy and increasing European resentment towards Napoleon.
The Continental System
What was Haiti named during its time as a French Colony?
The Congress of Vienna
Which invention allowed words to be printed in mass, leading to increased literacy among the lower classes and the spread of Enlightenment ideals?
The printing press
This prison, a long-standing symbol of France's oppressive monarchy, was stormed for gunpowder in 1789.
The Bastille
What 2 islands were Napoleon sent to after being defeated by the Coalition?
Elba & Saint Helena
This short-lived nation, established by Simon Bolivar, attempted to combine the modern-day nations of Panama, Colombia, Venezuela and Ecuador.
Gran Colombia
These 2 years saw the outbreak of revolutions across Europe in response to nationalism and people's resistance to monarchical rule.
1830 and 1848
Which Enlightenment thinker believed that the powers of the government should be divided between three branches?
Montesquieu
This group was created after the Third Estate left the Estates General to create their own constitution.
Name 3 reforms made under Napoleon
Choices:
- Control prices
- Support industry
- Built new roads/canals
- Public education
- Enlightenment laws
- Male equality
- Religious toleration
Sugar, coffee, indigo
List 3 of the 6 key aspects shared by people in a nation state
Shared...
- Nationality/Ethnicity
- History
- Religion
- Language
- Territory/Land
- Culture