Misc
Cladograms + Evolution
Hominids & Populations
Taxonomy & Adaptations
Photosynthesis & Meiosis
100
The half-life of chrominum-51 is 28 days. If the sample contained 510 grams, how much chromium would remain after 56 days?
127.5 grams
100
What is common ancestor?
A common ancestor is not a single individual or link in the chain, but instead represents a population of individuals from which the animal descended from with modifications.
100
Define mutualism, communalism, and parasitism
Mutualism: Both species benefit from their interaction
Communalism: Only one species benefits, the other is not affected
Parasitism: One species gains, while the other is harmed by their interaction.
100
What are the three types of adaptations?
1. Structural: involving body of organism
2. Physiological: related to biochemistry and interactions within the body
3. Behavioral: having to do with actions
100
What does the thylakoid do in photosynthesis?
It takes in light and H2O
200
How to calculate field of view?
mag. 1 x diameter 1 = mag. 2 x diameter 2
200
What is derived character?
A trait that is shared by all members of a clade and only members of that clade.
200
What type of selection is this?
Directional selection
200
What does the acronym of "Dumb Kids Playing Catch On Freeways Get Smashed" stand for?
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
200
What is produced during the Calvin Cycle in photosynthesis?
Name: Glucose
Chemical Formula: C6H12O6
300
The field of view is 675 μm and a starfish ray takes up 3/4 of you view. What is the average size of one starfish ray?
506 μm
300
Which graph is gradualism and which is punctuated equilibrium? 
Graph 1 is gradualism (slow change over time) and graph 2 is punctuated equilibrium (long periods of little change, then sudden speciation events).
300
What is the temporal scale of the Great Migration?
People started in Africa 200,000 years ago and began to spread to other locations approximately 50,000-60,000 years ago. 40,000 years ago they moved to Europe and 15,000 years ago they traveled to North America.
300
What are the 6 kingdoms?
1. Plantae
2. Animalia
3. Fungi
4. Eubacteria
5. Protista
6. Archaebacteria
300
What happens to the chromosome number during meiosis?
1 diploid cells to 2 haploid cells to 4 haploid cells
400
What is the name of the 2 word naming system created by Carl Linnaeus called?
Binomial Nomenclature
400
What is r-value?
R-value = the correlation coefficient (r), indicating the strength of a linear relationship between two body measurements
Closer to 1 (negative or positive) is a stronger correlation
400
In what order did hominids evolve in?
A. afarensis: 3.9 - 2.9 mya
A. africanus: 3.6 - 3.5 mya
H. habilis: 2.4 - 1.65 mya
A. boisei: 2.3 - 1.2 mya
H. erectus: 1.8 mya - 300,000 years ago
H. neaderthalensis: 400,000 - 40,000 years ago
H. sapiens: 50,000 - 60,000 years ago
400
What are eugenics and scientific racism? What were they used for?
Eugenics = It is a theory that humans can be improved through selective breeding of populations
Scientific racism = an ideology that appropriates the methods and legitimacy of science to are for the superiority of white Europeans and the inferiority of non-white people whose social and economic status have been marginalized
Meant to improve or impair the racial qualities of future generations either physically or mentally
Justification of discrimination
To make the “perfect” human
400
The illustration below represents what stage of meiosis?
Metaphase 1
500
Suppose a piece of bone 1/32 of its original carbon-14 activity. How many years ago would that creature have lived?
28,650 years ago
500
What is the difference between radial and bilateral symmetry?
Radial is identical body halves around the central axis
Bilateral is two sides as left and right, mirroring each other
500
What are differences between early hominid skulls and modern hominid skulls?
- no sagittal crest
- reduced maxillary prognathism (slope of face)
- bigger cranium
- change in position of foramen magnum (bipedal)
500
What are the 3 criteria to be considered evolutionary adaptation?
1. genetically passed onto the next generation (heritable traits)
2. to be functional for a specific environmental factor (fits a niche)
3. contributes to an advantage for that species (fitness)
500
What color does bromothymol blue (BTB) change to when it comes in contact with CO2?
It turn yellow