Central Dogma & Gene Expression
The process of copying DNA into mRNA.
What is transcription?
The RNA molecule that brings amino acids to the ribosome.
What is tRNA?
The theory stating that all organisms are made of these basic units.
What are cells?
The command center of the cell that stores DNA.
What is the nucleus?
The gene-editing technology adapted from a bacterial immune system.
What is CRISPR?
The process where ribosomes read mRNA to build a protein.
What is translation?
The three-letter sequence on mRNA that codes for an amino acid.
What is a codon?
What are preexisting cells?
The statement that new cells arise from these.
The structure that translates RNA into proteins.
What are ribosomes?
The enzyme used in CRISPR that cuts DNA.
What is Cas9?
The molecule that carries genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosome.
What is mRNA?
The complementary RNA base that pairs with adenine.
What is uracil (U)?
The two major types of cells in biology.
What are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
The organelle responsible for protein folding and synthesis.
What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
The junction that seals cells together like a zipper to prevent leakage.
What are tight junctions?
The biological principle describing the flow of genetic information from DNA to protein.
What is the Central Dogma?
The three sites on the ribosome where tRNA binds during translation.
What are A site, P site, and E site?
The region in prokaryotes where DNA is located.
What is the nucleoid?
The organelle that modifies and packages proteins for transport.
What is the Golgi apparatus?
The junction that allows ions and small molecules to pass between cells.
What are gap junctions?
The enzyme that builds RNA during transcription.
What is RNA polymerase?
The region of DNA that acts like a switch to start transcription.
What is a promoter?
The domain containing organisms with membrane-bound organelles.
What is Eukarya?
The fluid inside the nucleus that protects internal components.
What is the nucleoplasm?
The junction that acts like “buttons” holding cells together.
What are desmosomes (anchoring junctions)?