Unit 2 Exam Review

Structure of an Atom

100

These are often referred to as the building blocks of matter

Atoms

200

Atoms are composed of three smaller subatomic particles. What are they?

Proton, Neutron, Electron

300

What are the positively charged particles called?

Proton

400

What are the negatively charged particles called?

Electrons

500

What particles have no charge?

Neutrons

Cell Structure and Function 1

100

This is the basic structure and functional unit of life

Cells

200

Scientists grouped cells into two basic categories. What are they?

Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic

300

All cells have a phospholipid bilayer that controls what goes in and out of the cell. What is it? (Hint: Made of hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails)

Plasma Membrane

400

These type of cells have a nucleus, are larger in size, and are more complex. (Ex: Plants and Animals)

Eukaryotic

500

What are the three principles of the cell theory?

1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells

2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and organization of all living organisms

3. Cells only come from preexisting cells!

Cell Structure and Function 2

100

What is the jelly-like fluid inside of a cell?

Cytoplasm

200

This cell type has no nucleus, smaller in size, and is simpler (Ex: Bacteria)

Prokaryotic

300

This organelle is the centermost part of the cell, is thought of as the "control center" of the cell, and contains all of the cell's DNA.

Nucleus

400

This organelle is a folded membrane that makes all proteins for the cell. (Hint: Smooth and Rough)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

500

This organelle modifies and packages proteins to send outside of cell.

Golgi Apparatus

Photosynthesis

100

One of the most important compounds that cells use to store and release energy

ATP

200

This process describes how plants use sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into food (glucose)

Photosynthesis

300

What are the reactants for photosynthesis?

Carbon Dioxide and Water

400

What are the products for photosynthesis?

Glucose and Oxygen

500

What is the formula for photosynthesis?

6CO₂ + 6H₂O + energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

Mitosis and Meiosis

100

These are the condensed structures containing DNA that are passed from generation to generation

Chromosomes

200

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Mitosis: cell divides once; two daughter cells formed

Meiosis: cell divides twice; four daughter cells formed

300

This is the first and longest stage of mitosis. This is where the chromosomes condense

Prophase

400

After telophase, the cell is not completely divided. What process occurs to cut the cytoplasm and create two separate cells?

Cytokinesis

500

What are the five stages of cell division?

Interphase

Prophase

Metaphase

Telophase