Chapter 9
List the 3 components of the Australian food system, provide examples of each
Food Production eg: raising animals
Food Distribution eg:retail outlets or food transportation
Food Consumption eg:meals prepared and eaten at home or at cafes
What stage of the life cycle would a 'line extension' likely be considered? Provide an example of a popular line extension.
Decline stage.
Coca cola - vanilla coke, cherry coke etc.
Define food poisoning and identify the 3 types of food poisoning
•Food poisoning is an illness caused by consuming food contaminated by bacteria, chemicals or biological contamination.
Bioloigcal, Physical, Chemical
In order to calculate the size of portions, identify 3 factors it is important to consider?
●The age of diners
●The gender of diners
●The amount of physical activity undertaken
●The style of the meal
●The season
●The health and likes and dislikes of the diners
Explain two benefits of consuming fiber in the diet and two ways to increase fiber consumption.
High fiber diets relieve constipation, prevent bowel cancer and lower blood cholesterol.
•Switch to wholemeal or multigrain breads and brown rice.
•Add an extra vegetable to every evening meal.
•Snack on nuts or seeds instead of low-fibre cakes and biscuits.
•Substitute meat with legumes
What is large scale cropping? Identify 2 large scale crops in Australia.
A highly mechanised production system that uses the latest technological advances in food production. Large machinery such as gps tracking and computer operated systems used to prepare, sow and harvest the crops.
•Include wheat, barley, canola, oats, chickpeas, lentils, broad beans, sugar cane and rice.
During the evaluation of a food product, which 4 categories will be evaluated?
-product evaluation
-evaluation of the production process
-evaluation of the economic viability
-evaluation of marketing campaign
What are 3 key goals of FSANZ?
•Maintain a safe food supply
•Provide adequate information to enable consumers to make informed decisions.
•Prevent deceptive and misleading conduct
Other than writing a shopping list, identify 4 specific ways a food budget can be stretched further
●Compare the per 100gm price to determine the cheaper products
●Buy fresh products from a wholesale market rather than a supermarket
●Check the use-by best-before dates to get the longest shelf life
●Plant your own fresh herbs
●Buy non-perishable items in bulk when on special
●Make your own biscuits, cakes, soups
●Make lunch rather than buying lunch
Identify 2 non diary sources of calcium.
Explain why it is important for females to include calcium in the diet from an early age
Almonds, sardines, salmon and tofu
To prevent osteoporosis it is important to eat a diet high in calcium and participate in weight bearing exercise to develop peak bone mass before adulthood
What is biotechnology? Identify 3 positive environmental impacts of utilising this technology.
Genetically Modified Crops.
•Requires less herbicides, water etc. be used (environmental benefits)
•Can be grown in harsher conditions eg: drier, saltier, colder etc.
•Can grow increased yields and with increased shelf life (decreased food waste)
Describe the characteristics of the 'introductory' stage of the product life cycle.
High failure rates
High marketing and production costs
Regular market research and modifications
Explain what percentage labeling is, provide an example in your response.
Food labels must show the percentage of the key or characterising ingredients or components in the food. This allows similar foods to be compared.
eg: if the characterising ingredient for a strawberry yoghurt is strawberry then the ingredient list must state what % of strawberries it contains eg: 7%.
List 4 heath implications of consuming high amounts of sugar in the diet
-Excess sugar may contribute to tooth decay and your risk of gum disease
-Consumption of sugar leads to a peak in energy, followed by a sugar crash.
-High sugar consumption can lead to increased appetite and lack of feeling of fullness.
-Eating high amounts of sugar will significantly increase your risk of developing Type 2 diabetes
-May lead to weight gain and obesity due to increased consumption of kilojoules from sugary food products
Identify 3 specific types of foods someone with a egg allergy should avoid and 3 suitable substitutes.
Avoid: cakes, biscuits, custards, ice cream, meringue, battered and crumbed foods, meatballs etc.
Substitute: commercial egg replacer, fruit puree eg: banana or apple, baking powder water and oil, aquafaba
What is urbanisation? Explain how is this impacting on food supplies.
Urbanisation is major cities spreading into neaby rural areas.
Our population is rapidly growing. Increased food production to feed the population requires more energy, land and water.
This threatens our fruit and vegetable production as productive horticultural areas are being divided into housing estates -areas with rich, fertile soils.
Finding suitable land to farm and transport infrastructure may prove difficult in the future.
Provide examples of how both direct and creative research are used to develop food products
Direct Research
Creative Methods of Research
Provide 3 specific examples of ways local food authorities ensure food safety
-Issue permits for temporary stalls
-Employ environmental health officers
-Register food businesses and approve food safety program
-Annual inspection of food businesses
-Follow up closure orders
-Enforce produce recalls and oversea disposal of recalled food
-Educate food retailers and their employees
-Take samples of food
-Register mobile food vans
Explain two environmental impacts of food waste
Most food waste ends up in landfill sites where it rots and releases methane, a damaging green house gas.
Throwing away food is also a huge waste of the energy, water and packaging used in its production, transportation and storage.
Define allergy and intolerance, provide and example of both.
A food allergy is an abnormal immunological reaction to food caused by a foreign substance eg: tree nuts.
Food intolerance is a chemical reaction in the body to particular foods eg: gluten.
Define climate change and provide 3 specific example of it's impact on Australian food supplies
•Climate change is ‘a change in the pattern of weather occurring over decades or longer’
-As temperatures rise moisture levels in the soil decline, making it difficult to grow crops, this will significantly reduce over time.
-May need more shade/cloths to protect crops from heat and burn.
-Climate change can disrupt food availability, reduce access to food, and affect food quality, particularly dairy, beef and grain
List each of the stages of 'food product development', in the correct order
List all of the information required on a food label
1.Prescribed name of the food
2.Lot identification
3.Name and business address of supplier
4.Mandatory warning and advisory statements and declarations
5.Ingredients Listing
6.Date Marking
7.Nutrition labelling
8.Percentage labelling, characterising ingredients
9.Directions for use and storage
10.Country of origin
11.Weight or measure of contents
Explain why it is important to follow the Australian Dietary Guidelines and list each of them, in order.
We will get enough of the nutrients essential for good health and also help reduce our risk of chronic health problems.
●Guideline 1 To achieve and maintain a healthy weight, be physically active and choose amounts of nutritious food and drinks to meet your energy needs
●Guideline 2 Enjoy a wide variety of nutritious foods from the five food groups every day
●Guideline 3 Limit intake of foods containing saturated fat, added salt, added sugars and alcohol
●Guideline 4 Encourage, support and promote breastfeeding
● Guideline 5 Care for your food; prepare and store it safely
Outline the pathway taken by Katherine Sabbath to reach her goal of turning her passion for food into a career
-Self taught baker, cooks what she feels like on the day.
-Joined instagram in 2013 and began posting photos of her cakes.
-Used social media and websites to their full potential, leading to international cult following.
-In 2015 made the career move from teacher to follow her baking passion.
-Now holds workshops and demonstrations across Aus. which fill up.