Key People
This abolitionist escaped from slavery and made it North, he would give speeches across the nation pushing for equal rights for Black Americans and abolition. He would create his newspaper, called the North Star, and was the most photographed person of the 19th century.
Frederick Douglass
Latinized Black people who were born or raised in Spain, Portugal or these nations' Atlantic or American colonies and who spoke fluent Spanish or Portuguese
Ladinos
Owning of human beings as property able to be bought, sold, given, and inherited, is known as
Name one common form of everyday resistance used by enslaved people.
Working slowly, faking illness, sabotaging tools or equipment, ruining crops, learning to read and write, creating and sustaining culture.
This Supreme Court decision declared that African Americans, both enslaved and free, could never be U.S. citizens. Chief Justice Taney further ruled that enslaved people were property under the Fifth Amendment, making any law depriving slave owners of their property unconstitutional.
Dred Scott case or Scott v. Sandford
This African-born conquistador traveled to the Americas with Spanish explorers and is recognized as the first recorded African to arrive in North America
Juan Garrido
Religion played a significant factor in this form of African American expression which was used during slavery as a way to pace themselves during work using songs with call and response, along with a syncopated rhythm.
Spirituals
This organization was created by White American to send free Black people to Africa instead of allowing them to stay in the United States once freed
American Colonization Society
This famous mutiny aboard a slave ship heading towards Cuba was led by Sengbe Pieh, which saw the ship brought to New York City where a lengthy court case ensued, but resulted in the Africans gaining their freedom
The Amistad Mutiny/Revolt
This law is Latin for "that which is born follows the womb." What is it's meaning
Partus Sequitur Ventrem. Children inherit the status of the mother
This abolitionist was one of the earliest Black nationalists in the United States, pushing for radical resistance to slavery in the mid-19th century in his work titled Appeal which sought to counter Thomas Jefferson's Notes on the State of Virginia.
David Walker
This form of mixed martial arts was created by African slaves in Brazil which includes African inspired music and call and response singing
Capoera
This speech given by Sojourner Truth shed light on recognition of the difficulties of slavery on her as a woman and a mother.
"Ain't I a Woman?" speech
Spirituals often contained hidden messages or themes of resistance that were communicated through the lyrics. Name a common theme or coded message in many spirituals.
"Drinking Gourd": Big Dipper, which points North, "Pharaoh": systemic oppression, "Chariot": deliverance or freedom, "Deliverance": hope of freedom or the Promised Land of the northern states and Canada)
Give TWO examples of what the Fugitive Slave Act allowed slave catchers or bounty hunters to do, which upset northerners
Deputize any northerner to assist in the recapture of a runaway slave, capture any free Black person and put them in slavery
This Haitian revolutionary was responsible for the successful Haitian revolution which saw the end of slavery, and created an independent Haiti, which became the first Black republic in the Western Hemisphere
Toussaint L'Ouverture
Maroons were hidden communities of escaped formerly enslaved peoples, Maroon communities were located where?
Swamps and forests
Approximately how many of the 12 million Africans brought to the Americans on the Middle Passage went to the United States and what city did they arrive in?
5% (~380,000) and Charleston, SC
The Stono Rebellion was prompted by the desire for freedom, as enslaved people sought to escape to this place in Spanish controlled Florida hoping to gain freedom from slavery
Fort Mose
The Stono Rebellion in 1739 sparked the passing of these restrictive laws against enslaved peoples and free Black people in South Caroline
South Carolina Slave Code of 1740
This formerly enslaved woman was a conductor on the Underground Railroad, Union army spy, and first woman to lead a military operation with her raid on the Combahee River.
Harriet Tubman
This Indigenous American tribe welcomed runaway enslaved peoples as kin, which saw Black involvement in Indigenous wars against the United States govt
Seminole
This internal slave trade saw the forced relocation of enslaved people from the Upper South to newly established cotton plantations in the Deep South, transforming the economies of both regions.
The Second Middle Passage or Domestic Slave Trade
This organization helped enslaved peoples escape from the South to either the northern states or Canada
The Underground Railroad
Slave codes were laws designed to control the lives of enslaved people and limit their freedoms. Name one common restriction imposed by these codes.
What is: prohibition on learning to read and write, restrictions on movement without a pass, bans on gathering in groups, curfews, prohibitions on owning weapons, a requirement for permission to marry, severe punishments for attempting escape, restrictions on practicing certain religions