Legislative Branch
Congress' implied powers come from this clause in Article I, Section 8.
Necessary & Proper Clause
Elastic Clause
N&P Clause
Most of the President's formal powers are expressed in what part of the Constitution
Article II
In this paper, Alexander Hamilton argues for an independent judiciary.
Federalist 78
The number of cabinet departments in the executive branch.
15
Veto
The filibuster in the senate can be ended by this motion, which requires 60 senators to approve.
Cloture
When government is divided, Presidents are more likely to use these to implement policy.
Executive Orders
EOs
This informal rule dictates whether the Supreme Court with hear an appeals case
Rule of 4
The bureaucracy self-monitors through a system called this.
Compliance Monitoring
This body must approve presidential nominations for things like Ambassadors and Cabinet Secretaries.
Senate
Although political gerrymandering is allowed, race-based gerrymandering is not, as made clear in this court case.
Shaw v. Reno
In this paper, Alexander Hamilton argues that a single executive is more effective than a group
Federalist 70
Although written about by the Framers, judicial review wasn't a power of the federal courts until this court case
Marbury v. Madison
NASA and the EPA are examples of these types of bureaucratic agencies
Independent Agencies
Congress can check the President & Bureaucracy by increasing or decreasing agency budgets, under their budgeting power known by this phrase.
Power of the Purse
A member of Congress who makes decisions based on their own expertise, even if it goes against the expressed wishes of their constituents, is most likely adhering to this model of representation
Trustee
Presidents nominate people for a variety of roles, but this position is generally considered the most influential of all nominations
Federal judges
Federal justices
Supreme Court
Stare Decisis
OSHA creating workplace regulations for factories falls under this type of authority
Rulemaking
One check on the Judicial system is changing the appellate jurisdiction of federal courts. Who has this power?
Congress
A bill that passes the House & Senate in different versions must be resolved in what type of committee
Conference Committee
Named by Teddy Roosevelt, this term refers to the President using the media to set his agenda and speak to the people directly.
Bully Pulpit
The Supreme Court has 2 types of jurisdiction. Name both of them
Original, Appellate
Agencies are given this broad power from Congress to interpret laws
Discretionary Authority
Delegated Authority
Delegated Discretionary Authority
Congress often conducts these types of hearing to keep an eye on the bureaucratic agencies
oversight