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Caliphates
Vocabulary
People
Things
Extra
100

This Caliphate, between 632-661, were Muhammad's successors and they were chosen by his family. This caliphate was put in place after Muhammad's death. 

Orthodox Caliphate 

100

Citadel 

Muslim fortress

100

Who is Muhammad

The prophet of Islam. 

100

What is the Koran?

The sacred book of Muslims 

100

What is another word for city?

Medina

200

This Caliphate between years 661-750, grew their hereditary succession. The capital was moved to Damascus and during this period reached its maximum power. 

Umayyad Caliphate 

200

Mausoleums

burial sites, similar to a cemetery but a building 

200

What is an Emir or Wali ?

The governor of the provinces of Islamic Empire

200

Main Mosque

Where prayer occurred 

200

What is the black stone? 

A piece of rock that is in Mecca that is worshipped. Muslims travel to Mecca to see this stone as part of the five pillars of islam.
300

During 750-1055, after dethroning the Umayyads, the captial was moved to Baghdad. They were conquered by the Turks in 1055. 

Abbasid Caliphate 

300

Epigraph 

Inscriptions of art that contained verses of the Koran 

300
This person was the prime minister and directed the other administration employees, they were helpful to the Caliph. 
Vizier
300

Name the 2 of the 4 important things in the Medina 

Main mosque, marketplace, public baths and granaries 
300

What were two of the 4 symbols of the caliph? 

The seal of the prophet, the curved sceptre, the mantle and the lance. 

400

Name the three Caliphates formed after Muhammad's death in order

Orthodox, Umayyad, Abbasid 

400

Recreational Estate 

Summer home for the rich 

400

Who is the Kadi

The judge of the provinces
400

What did Muhammad want the world to know? 

That Allah is the only god. 

400

What farming technique helped the expansion of Islam, prevention of disease and more crops?

Irrigation systems 

500

While the Abbasid caliphs remained under Turkish rule, what group overthrew (took) Baghdad in 1258? 

The Mongolians 

500

Hegira 

The starting point for the Muslim Calendar. Year 0.

500

Name the three social groups and the difference between Mawali and the Dhimmis.

Aristocracy

Masses: Peasants, craftsmen and traders

Mawali: those who converted to Islam

Dhimmis: Christians or Jews who did not convert to islam


Slaves, Prisoners of war

500

What is the Sunnah ?

The other source of religious text. It is a collection of traditions that were passed down orally until the 9th century. 

500

100 points for each of the five religious pillars (precepts) of Islam 

1. No god but Allah and Muhammad is his prophet

2. Prayer five times a day 

3. Fast during the month of Ramadan

4. Pilgrimage to Mecca

5. Alms for those in need (helping others)