Early Humans & the Neolithic Revolution
What was the major change that occurred during the Neolithic Revolution?
Shift from hunting & gathering to farming
Between which two rivers did Mesopotamia develop?
Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
Which river was vital to Egypt’s civilization?
Nile River
What two major cities were part of the Indus Valley civilization?
Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro
What river is known as the “Yellow River”?
Huang He
What is the belief in one God called?
Monotheism
During what period did humans first make and use stone tools?
Paleolithic Era
What was the first civilization to develop in Mesopotamia?
Sumerians
What geographic feature protected Egypt from invasion?
Deserts surrounding the Nile
What modern-day countries were part of the Indus Valley?
Pakistan and India
Which geographic feature isolated China from others?
Himalayas or Gobi Desert
What religion introduced monotheism to the ancient world?
Judaism
Producing a food surplus during the Neolithic Revolution led directly to what?
Population growth and permanent settlements
What writing system did the Sumerians develop?
Cuneiform
What type of writing system did the Egyptians use?
Hieroglyphics
What evidence shows Indus cities were well planned?
Grid-like streets and drainage systems
What belief that one’s culture is superior developed in China?
Ethnocentrism
What text contains rules such as “Honor thy father and mother”?
Ten Commandments
What type of evidence do historians rely on to learn about prehistory?
Artifacts
What was Hammurabi’s Code and why was it important?
The world’s first written law code
Who was the pharaoh whose tomb was discovered in 1922 with over 5,000 items?
King Tutankhamen
What natural weather pattern both helped and hurt Indus farmers?
Monsoons
Which dynasty created China’s first writing system?
Shang Dynasty
What term means the spread of ideas and goods between cultures?
Cultural diffusion
What is silt and why was it important?
Fertile soil from floods used for farming
What phrase best describes the Code of Hammurabi’s system of justice?
“An eye for an eye” – punishment fits the crime
What does the construction of the pyramids tell us about ancient Egyptian society?
They were well-organized with advanced engineering and social classes
Why do historians know so little about the Indus Valley?
The writing system hasn’t been deciphered
What did China’s geographic isolation lead to?
A unique culture that developed independently
What term means a line of rulers from the same family?
Dynasty