Exploration 1
often called the element of life
Carbon
composed of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen
Carbohydrates
known as the energy currency of the cell
ATP
The cell membrane has a double layer of...?
Phospholipids
What is a polymer?
a large molecule made of subunits called monomers
molecules that make up living things
Biomolecules
The simplest lipids are ____________. There are two types which are ___________ & ______________.
fatty acids; saturated and unsaturated fatty acids
The chemical energy that is only usable after biomolecules are broken down by a series of chemical reactions is called...?
What other molecules does the cell membrane consist of?
carbohydrates, proteins, and cholesterol
a class of compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen
Hydrocarbon
refers to the chemistry of carbon-based molecules
Organic Chemistry
Name an example of a carbohydrate
answers may vary
Cellular respiration is complimentary to another process called...?
Photosynthesis
What is Diffusion?
the movement of molecules in a fluid or gas from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration
what are Amino Acids?
the building block for proteins
Carbon is commonly bonded with which elements? *need all 4 elements*
Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, & Phosphorus
DNA and RNA are two general types of ________.
Nucleic Acids
ATP is a molecules made up of subunits called
_________ gives strength to the cell membrane by limiting the movement of the phospholipids, preventing the membrane from becoming too fluid.
Cholesterol
or plasma membrane, has a specialized structure that allows the cell to control the passage of materials into and out of the cell.
Cell Membrane
What are the 3 characteristics of carbon atoms?
1. Carbon can bond with itself or other atoms.
2. The unique bonding of carbon molecules allows them to a ring or long-chain structure with repeating subunits
3. They often bind with Hydrogen atoms
20
What molecules are most commonly broken down to make ATP, but are not stored in large amounts in your body?
Carbohydrates
Explain the difference between Endocytosis & Exocytosis.
Endocytosis allows cells to take in materials while exocytosis allows cells to release materials out
What is osmosis?
the movement of water towards areas of higher solute concentration