Rabbinic Judaism
What is the difference between "Oral Torah" and "Written Torah"
Written - first five books
How does Muhammad see himself?
the final prophet of God
Name the 4 rightly guided caliphs in order
Abu Bakr
Umar
Uthman
Ali
Shi'a Islam
More mystical belief in Islam - believed the Imams were to rule and were hidden by God
Legal scholar; offers different rulings based on Islamic law
What are synagogues and why are they used?
modern-day Jewish house of worship and simultaneously a community center; Used because there was only one temple and could not go to Jerusalem to do sacrifices
What does PBOH mean?
Peace be unto him
Importance of Uthman?
from Meccan aristocracy – early convert to Islam; His caliphate is marked by competition between his clan (Umayyids) and the “Part of Ali” (shi’a); a third group, Khariijis who think they best Muslim should be in charge
Sufism
monism: only God
Mysticism
the belief that the interior religious experience is also the exterior experience
What is the importance of having the Midrash and Talmud? Give an example
Allows for the Torah to be applied to modern day situations
What was Muhammad's life like pre-prophecy
Answers may vary; worked at Mecca, known for honesty, had a midlife crisis looking for life meaning
What are the five pillars of Islam
FARMS
Suras
How the Qur'an is organized, from long to short
Orthoprax
Monotheistic
Abrahamic religions, etc
How does Rabbinic Judaism change from First/Second Temple Judaism
Answers may vary; it's decentralized, synagogues, rabbis, tikkun olam
What happens during the Year of Sadness?
Muhammad's uncle and wife die
Meccan prosecution of the Muslims intensified
Muslims had to leave Mecca, but had nowhere to go
Significance of Ali's Rule?
COusin of Muhammad - beliefs about Ali divide the Muslim community into two belief systems
Sunni Islam
Name 3 side effects of jahiliyya values?
violence, banditry, misogony, never-ending blood feuds
How is the idea of Tikkun Olam important in Rabbinic Judaism?
Human beings work with God to make the world right and humans and God are collaborating on how the world will turn out
What is the significance of the flight to Medina?
May vary: Muhammad helped settle disputes there, leave Mecca and this is when they date their calendar
What is one issue that begins under Umar and gets worse later?
Also, who should rule becomes a big topic
Shari'a
Islamic Law
Significance of Islamic art and architecture
Muhammad is not represented
Writing and architecture become emphasized (calligraphy and design in Islamic world
Carved words – calligraphy used as decoration