Respiratory Problems
The meaning of COPD
Process where oxygen from inhaled air passes through the alveoli walls
Diffusion
This is the body's main artery. It receives blood ejected from the left ventricle
Aorta
Controllable risk factors for coronary artery disease
-Cigarette smoking
-High blood pressure
-Elevated cholesterol level
-Elevated blood glucose level
-Lack of exercise
-Obesity
A patient is considered hypoglycemic if their Blood Glucose Level goes below
80 mg/dL
This patient's respiratory system has changed overtime to breathe when the body has low oxygen (in blood), rather than high carbon dioxide
Hypoxic drive
This is where gas exchange takes place in the lungs
Capillaries covering the alveoli
The volume of blood that passes through the heart in 1 minute
Cardiac output
This problem will be described as a sharp or tearing pain in the chest
aortic aneurysm
This is a rare clotting disorder, mostly found in males. Decreases ability to create a clot after an injury
Hemophilia A
The most common form of COPD
Emphysema
-A loss of elastic material in the lungs, air is no longer expelled rapidly, walls of alveoli fall apart
These four structures are responsible for the respiratory system
-Diaphragm
-Muscles of the chest wall
-Accessory muscles of breathing
-Nerves from the brain and spinal cord to those muscles
These connect aterioles to venules, and exchange nutrients + nutrients for waste at the cellular level
Capillaries
A heart's need for oxygen exceeds the available supply, usually during physical or emotional stress
Angina Pectoris
Two of the most common signs of anaphylaxis
1. Widespread uticaria
2. Angioedema
What will you find with a patient who has a history with heart failure.
(or has inhaled toxins, trauma to chest, at a high altitude)
Pulmonary Edema
Anatomy of the upper and lower airway
Upper airway- Pharynx, Mouth, Epiglottis, Larynx
Lower airway- Trachea, Main bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveoli
Cardiac muscle cells have a special characteristic called
automaticity
A disorder in which calcium and fatty material build up and form plaque inside the walls of the blood vessels
Atherosclerosis
Signs and symptoms of an opioid overdose
-Respiratory depression
-Nausea
-Vomiting
-Hypotension
-Pinpoint pupils
This patient has partial or complete accumulation of air in the pleural spaces of the lungs. Problem is often caused by trauma
Spontaneous pnuemothorax
The physiology of respiration is
Air travel through the trachea into the lungs, then on to the (right/left) main bronchi, then to the bronchioles, and ending at the alveoli where gas exchange occurs.
The arteries of the body
-Subclavian -Radial +Ulnar
-Carotid -Iliac
-Brachial -Femoral
-Anterior + Posterior Tibial
-Peroneal
The five links in the chain of survival for sudden cardiac arrest
1. Recognition/activation of EMS
2.Immediate high-quality CPR
3.Rapid defibrillation
4. Basic and advanced EMS
5. ALS and postarrest care
A patient with an unidentified overdose is complaining about a ringing in their ear. What medication most likely caused this?
Aspirin overdose