Unit 2, Parts 1 & 2 Test

lobes of the brain

100

Frontal Lobe: 

Located in the front of the brain

• Functions: 

  Planning, decision-making, and problem-solving Personality, emotion, and social behavior Motor control and movement
  
  

200

• Parietal Lobe: 

• Situated behind the frontal lobe

• Functions:
  • Sensory perception (touch, temperature, pain)
  • Spatial awareness and orientation
  • Language processing and attention

300

3. Temporal Lobe: 

Located on the sides of the brain

• Functions:
  • Auditory processing and hearing
  • Memory and learning
  • Language comprehension and speech

400

Occipital Lobe: 

Found at the back of the brain

• Functions:
  • Visual processing and perception
  • Recognition of objects and faces
  • Color perception

500

summary

In summary, the lobes of the brain work together to perform complex cognitive functions, process sensory information, and control bodily movements

plasticity, BW, split brain

100

plasticity

plasticity refers to the brain's ability to change and adapt throughout life in response to experience.

200

brocas area

Broca's area is primarily responsible for speech production.

300

wernickes area

Wernicke's area is crucial for language comprehension

400

left brain

• Language and communication: Processes and produces language.
• Logic and analysis: Specializes in analytical and logical thinking.
• Math: Is better at calculations and arithmetic.

500

right brain

- Perception and patterns: Recognizes faces, patterns, and emotions.

- Creativity: The right brain is responsible for generating ideas, artistic expression, and imagination. 

- Music: Is better at processing musical information.

- Emotional context: Processes the emotional context of language

parts of brain

100

cerelbellum

The cerebellum is a part of the brain located at the back of the head below the occipital lobe and above the brainstem. 

It plays a crucial role in coordinating and regulating movements, maintaining balance, and learning motor skills

200

amygdala

a roughly almond-shaped mass of gray matter inside each cerebral hemisphere, involved with the experiencing of emotions.

300

medulla

the inner region of an organ or tissue, especially when it is distinguishable from the outer region or cortex (as in a kidney, an adrenal gland, or hair).

400

thalamus

the thalamus is a crucial brain structure that acts as a relay station for most sensory information, transmitting it to the cerebral cortex for processing. It is also involved in consciousness, sleep, and wakefulness, and integrates sensory and motor signals, contributing to cognitive functions like attention, memory, and emotion.

500

hypothalamus

a region of the forebrain below the thalamus which coordinates both the autonomic nervous system and the activity of the pituitary, controlling body temperature, thirst, hunger, and other homeostatic systems, and involved in sleep and emotional activity.

parts of Brian p2

100

hippocampus

a complex brain structure deep in the temporal lobe, crucial for forming and storing long-term memories and spatial navigation. It is a key part of the limbic system, which regulates emotions, learning, and memory. Due to its critical function, damage or disease affecting the hippocampus can lead to serious memory loss and disorientation.

200

pons

The pons in the brain is a crucial structure located above the medulla  

- transmits signals between the cerebrum and cerebellum, regulates breathing, and is involved in functions like sleep, balance, and sensory perception.

300

cerebral cortex

The cerebral cortex is the brain's outermost layer, responsible for higher-level functions like thinking, memory, and language. It is divided into four lobes—frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital— This gray matter layer plays a critical role in consciousness, sensory information processing, and controlling voluntary movements.

400

corpus callosum

• Facilitates communication and coordination between the left and right hemispheres. Transfers information between the hemispheres, such as sensory, motor, and cognitive data.
• Allows for integration of information from both sides of the brain, leading to holistic processing and understanding.

500

reticular formation

a diffuse network of nerve pathways in the brainstem connecting the spinal cord, cerebrum, and cerebellum, and mediating the overall level of consciousness.

technology used to study brain

100

EEG

An EEG is a neurodiagnostic test that measures the electrical activity of the brain. It is a non-invasive procedure that involves placing electrodes on the scalp and recording the brain waves

• Diagnose brain disorders, such as epilepsy, dementia, and brain tumors
• Monitor brain activity during surgery or anesthesia
• Assess brain function after a head injury or stroke
• Evaluate sleep disorders
• Investigate unexplained seizures or fainting spells

200

MRI

MRI is a medical imaging technique that uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the body's internal structures. 

MRI is used to diagnose and monitor a wide range of conditions, including: 

• Brain and spinal cord disorders (e.g., tumors, multiple sclerosis)
• Joint injuries and diseases (e.g., arthritis, osteoporosis)
• Heart conditions
• Blood vessel abnormalities
• Soft tissue injuries (e.g., muscle strains, ligament tears)

300

PET scan

• Detect and diagnose diseases, such as cancer, heart disease, and brain disorders
• Monitor treatment effectiveness and detect recurrence 

  
  

• You will lie on a table in the scanner. 

  A radioactive tracer is injected into your bloodstream. 

• The tracer accumulates in areas of high metabolic activity. 
• the scanner detects the gamma rays emitted by the tracer and creates 3D images of your body. 

400

CT scan

is a medical imaging test that uses X-rays and a computer to create detailed, cross-sectional images of the body, such as bones, soft tissues, organs, and blood vessels. It is used to diagnose diseases and injuries, plan treatment, and monitor a patient's progress, and can help detect problems like tumors, infections, blood clots, and internal bleeding. A CT scan can be performed with or without a contrast dye, which is sometimes injected to make certain structures appear more clearly