Catholic Reformation
Name of the Church institution that had the power to investigate, arrest, interrogate, and punish suspected heretics?
What is the Inquisition?
The name of the victorious family solidified by a royal wedding at the end of the War of the Roses in England
Who are the Tudors?
In 1517, Luther supposedly nailed these to the door of a church in Wittenberg
What are the 95 Theses?
Henry VIII's first wife, a princess from the Spanish branch of the Habsburg family who gave him a daughter (Mary I) but not a son...
What is Catherine of Aragon?
Queen of France who presided over the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre
Catherine de Medici
Kings of France for several hundred years...until a jousting accident left them reeling
Who are the Valois Dynasty?
Name of the itinerant friar who angered Luther so much by selling indulgences ("As soon as the coin in the coffer rings, a soul from purgatory to heaven springs!")
Who is Johann Tetzel? (Also accepted: Doc Ock)
Henry VIII's fifth wife - beheaded for having an affair with a courtier
Who is Catherine Howard?
Descriptor given to leaders who prioritized the prosperity of the realm over questions of religious identity
Politique
Major ecumenical council that was called to deal with Protestant Reformers and their critiques of the Church
What is the Council of Trent?
William the Silent, leader of the Dutch Revolt against Spanish rule, was part of this house that eventually became monarchs of the independent Netherlands
Who are the House of Orange?
First leader of the Swiss Reformed Church, who broke with the Catholic Church partially over the issue of eating meat during Lent
Henry VIII's second wife, and mother to a future Queen (Elizabeth I)
Who is Anne Boleyn?
Name for the massacres carried out by undisciplined and leaderless troops against the Dutch people in the 1570s
The Spanish Fury
St. Theresa of Avila was involved in reforming this monastic order
The Carmelites
Kings of Scotland (and later, England too!)
Who are the Stuarts?
Idea disseminated by John Calvin that a certain, tiny percentage of people were God's chosen or "elect"
What is Predestination?
Henry VIII's sixth wife, who outlived him
Who is Catherine Parr?
What was the Peace of Westphalia?
What was the Defenestration of Prague?
This royal family was predominant across larges swaths of Europe in the 16th Century, including Spain, Austria, parts of Italy, and the Netherlands
Who are the Habsburgs?
What is consubstantiation?
Henry VIII's third wife who gave him a legitimate male heir, but died in childbirth
Who is Jane Seymour?
Leader of the radical Catholic League during the French Wars of Religion...until his execution by the king
Who was Henry, Duke of Guise?