In this type of sample, everyone in the group has an equal chance of participating
What is random sampling
100
Scientists must ______________ the key components of their experiment or study prior to beginning - as "hunger" for example might mean different things to different people
What is operationally define
100
This option for psychologists involves examining one individual in depth in hopes of revealing things true of us all
What is a Case Study
100
This statistical measure helps us figure out how closely two things vary together, and thus how well either one predicts the other
What is correlation coefficient
100
This ethical principle ensures that a test subject knows the benefits, risks and details of an experiment before participating
What is informed consent
200
In this type of experiment, the experimenters nor the test subjects know which group is assigned to either the control or experimental group
What is a double-blind experiment
200
Scientists manipulate this variable
What is the independent variable
200
This method involves looking at many cases in less depth through the use of questions
What is a survey
200
This type of correlation is a perceived but non-existant one
What is an illusory correlation
200
This is often called the "I knew it all along" phenomenon
What is hindsight bias
Luke Taylor I really hope you got that right.......
300
This type of variable varies depending on what takes places during the experiment
What is the dependent variable
300
These types of variables are not often planned for, and can potentially influence the results of the experiment
What are confounding variables
300
Subtle changes can cause major impacts on a survey - what is this called?
What are wording effects
300
The closer a correlation coefficient is to this number, positive or negative, the stronger the possible relationship
What is "1"
300
A good theory produces testable predictions, called__________
What is a hypothesis
400
This process involves fully disclosing with participants after the experiment is over what the research entailed/discovered
What is debriefing
400
This is the most commonly reported measure in an experiment (mean, mode or median?)
What is the mean
400
An example of this would be unobtrusively taping and later analyzing parent-child interactions in different cultures
What is naturalistic observation
400
No matter how strong the relationship - it does not necessarily prove ____________
What is causation
400
Solid studies are able to be __________ in future experiments
What is replicated
500
This distribution is very typical and involves most folks in one area of the middle, with a few outliers on either end
What is the "bell" or "normal" curve
500
If standard deviation is very small in an experiment where students compared test scores, what would that mean?
What is that students' scores were very similar to one another
500
This effect can occur when a person thinks they are receiving the treatment however are not - but start to feel better!
What is the Placebo effect
500
These 3 things must be present for an observed difference to be reliable
What is
1) representative sample (not biased)
2 less-variable observations (not trying to change/measure a lot of different things at once)
3) more cases are better than fewer
500
In an experiment, this group does not receive the treatment