Vocabulary
What is a motive?
The main reason for doing something, the driving factor...
What was the purpose of finding the Northwest Passage (remember: French and English really wanted this as an economic motivator!)
To find the quickest route to Asia to participate in trade to help the country get rich.
Lush land, diverse ecosystems and geography, diverse cultures, intricate trading systems
Define the Columbian Exchange.
The Columbian Exchange was the exchange of ideas, resources, diseases, people, and technology between the Old World and the New World.
1492!
Define refugee (noun)
A person seeking safety or shelter from danger or the threat of danger.
What were the three main motivators for Spanish exploration of the Americas?
God, Glory, Gold
How did the introduction of horses and cattle benefit the lives of indigenous populations? Two reasons.
They provided new means of transportation as well as new food.
What present-day continents make up the Old World? Name three.
Europe, Asia, Africa
What country was Columbus hired by?
Spanish crown - King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
Define persecution.
Persecution means to be treated with hostility because of beliefs, race, or identity.
Who were the first two religious groups from England seeking religious freedom in the Americas?
Puritans and Pilgrims
How did colonization negatively impact indigenous cultures?
Forcing indigenous people into new religions (Christianity), forcing them into new lands, taking away their resources, etc...
What is the most influential cash crop that was exchanged from the NEW world to the OLD world?
Tobacco
What was the MAIN goal of Columbus' initial voyage?
Find a trade route to Asia (Northwest Passage)
Define colonization.
The act of appropriating one place for one's own use.
Cash crops are resources like tobacco that can be made in bulk that make a lot of money at once.
How were Europeans able to colonize the indigenous groups of the Americas?
The Europeans had more advanced technology (weapons) to conquer the native populations. As well as the spread of diseases.
Why was disease so destructive to indigenous life?
Indigenous people did not have the immunity or resistance to fight off the diseases.
Who was the indigenous group that Columbus initially met in the Bahamas on his first voyage?
The Taino
Define mercantilism.
The economic theory that the more money a country has, the more powerful it is.
What was one economic reason the French explored and colonized the Americas.
Participation in the fur trade to increase the nation's wealth.
Diseases like smallpox, flu, and measles.
What were the two most devastating lasting impacts of the Columbian Exchange on indigenous groups? (two leading causes of death)
Slavery and disease.
What were conditions like in Europe in 1491 that made Europeans seek refuge in the Americas? (begin exploration)
Poor soil, little to no job opportunities, famine, bad living conditions, lack of resources...