Islam
Who was the founder of Islam?
Muhammad
Richest man in history, king of Mali
Mansa Musa
Social/Political hierarchy of the Middle Ages
Feudalism
Florence
This German monk protested against the Catholic Church with his 95 Theses
Martin Luther
Reason for the Sunni-Shi'a split
Arguments over leadership after Muhammad
Trade network responsible for growing the kingdoms in West Africa
Trans-Saharan Trade
Economic system of the Middle Ages
Manorialism
This powerful banking family invested heavily in art during the Renaissance
The Medicis
What are indulgences?
Payments to the Church to free someone from purgatory
What do Shi'a Muslims believe about Islamic leadership?
That they should be a blood relation to Muhammad
Trade goods that made kings in West Africa rich
Gold and Salt
What is the three-field system?
A farming technique where crops are rotated between three fields to avoid nitrogen depletion in the soil
Define humanism in your own words
Secular art focused on the human experience
Henry VIII separated England from the Catholic Church because he ... (explain why!)
Wanted to get a divorce because his marriage produced no male heirs
What is the Umma?
The political and religious leadership of the Muslims
This East African language is a mix of Bantu and Arabic language
Swahili
How did the Bubonic Plague impact the feudal system in Europe?
Mass death of 30-50% of peasants led to peasants pushing for more rights/privileges due to a smaller workforce
What were collectives of artiests, merchants, etc. in Medieval cities called?
Guilds
Predestination is a major belief of this Protestant sect of Christianity
Calvinism - founded by John Calvin
Explain one reason for the start of the Islamic Golden Age
Islamic cultural ties (language, moral code) OR geographic location among four major trade routes
Islamic center of learning in Western Africa, scholars returned here from Mansa Musa's Hajj to Mecca
Timbuktu
Disputed power of kings to nominate their own bishops
Lay Investiture
What was the major (unintended) long-term impact of the Crusades on Europe?
The Crusades increased trade of knowledge and goods between Europe and Asia (the Middle East)
Either the Jesuits sought to increase education among the clergy OR they began to spread Catholicism to the Americas