Explorers
Who established the Arkansas Post/ the first European settlement in Arkansas?
Henri de Tonti
The Osage natives:
Where were they located in AR?
What are they known for?
North AR, Around AR River Valley
Hunting and moving around (nomadic)
Fierce tribe
5 clans led by "Little Old Men"
What was the main reason for Spanish conquistadors to explore the Americas?
To conquer and find riches of gold and silver
How much was the Louisiana Purchase?
$15 million
What is animism?
The belief in animals, plants, and other things having spirits
What was Hernando de Soto's impact?
-Greatest find MS River
-first European settler in AR (Spanish conquistador)
-convinced Natives he was a god
Quapaw Natives:
Where were they located in AR?
What are they known for?
Mississippi Alluvial Plains
Farmers, but known for befriending and having good trade relations
Flat top dwellings "long houses"
Why did Napoleon need to sell the Louisiana territory?
For money for his military efforts/ war in England
He lost St Domingue (Haiti)
What is immunity and how did it have an impact in European exploration in the Americas?
Being able to fight off disease
Native Americans were dying from European diseases because they had no immunity to them
What did Marquette and Joliet do for the French?
Their goal was to find the Gulf of Mexico and to create trade relations with Native Americans
Caddo Natives
Where were they located in AR?
What are they known for?
South West AR West Gulf Coastal Plain region
Agriculture/ farming
Pottery and basket weaving
What's the impact of the Louisiana Purchase?
500 million acres which doubled the size of the United States
Gained MS River watershed
Expanded conflict on slavery and conflict with Natives
What is the main reason Jefferson wanted the Louisiana territory?
Mississippi River Valley/ Port of New Orleans
He also didn't think he could win a war against Napoleon
What is barter?
The exchange of goods without money
Robert de La Salle is known for what?
- Exploring the basin of the MS
-Claiming it for France by putting in wooden column
(named it Louisiana)
-trying to go there again and missed, landed in present-day Texas
What are different ways Native Americans were impacted by European exploration?
-disease (no immunity against their populations)
-displacement and forced relocation
-trade and relations
-violence and conflict
What was different about the way the French and Spanish explored?
The French were focused on learning/ trading with the Native Americans
The Spanish were focused on conquering and finding gold/ resources
What was put into place to resolve conflict over the expansion of slavery?
Missouri Compromise
Who is Robert Crittenden?
ACTING governor
Deal w/ the capitol building
stepped in for James Miller
Killed Henry Conway in a duel
Who discovered the rock that was little when they were in Arkansas which would eventually lead to the capital?
Bernard de la Harpe
What's the impact of the Indian Removal Act and The Trail of Tears?
Forced relocation of Native tribes/ displacement west
Thousands died
Who explored present-day Hot Springs and the Ouachita Mountains region?
Hunter-Dunbar
Describe the process in how AR became a state.
Territorial expansion
James Miller (first actual governor)
Robert Crittenden moved capital to Little Rock due to mosquitos, swamps, and for it to be central AR
Arkansas Territory 1819- Arkansas became 25th state 1836
Describe the Missouri Compromise.
-Created a balance of slave states and free states in the country
-tried to resolve conflict between states
-Maine would be a free state, Missouri would be a slave state
-It established the 36°30′ parallel for which new states would be free or slave