Protestant Reformation
Something someone could buy from the church to absolve their sins to get into heaven
indulgences
Who gained power during the Protestant Reformation?
kings
Define the word grievances
complaints
Define the Enlightenment
intellectual movement in Europe when people looked to logic rather than tradition
What continent is France in?
Europe
topics of debate Martin Luther nailed to the church door
95 Theses
Why did King Henry VIII initially disagree with the Catholic Church?
The church would not let him divorce his wife
Define absolutism.
Leader (king/queen) has complete control and power
How did the Enlightenment impact the world?
People began questioning the corrupt systems of government, the church, gender roles, etc. leading to many revolutions across the globe
What was it called when the National Assembly left the Estates-General to write a new constitution?
tennis court oath
What is the significance of the 95 Theses?
Started the Protestant Reformation
What states that Kings/Queens get their power from God?
Divine Right Theory
How did King Louis ensure his noble would not overthrow him?
He kept them busy with menial tasks, such as holding his mirror and carrying his chamber pot
What inspired the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen?
The Enlightenment, Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, US Declaration of Independence, US Constitution
Revolutionary, advocated for women’s rights, drafted the Declaration of the Rights of Woman and Citizen in 1791
Who is Olympe de Gouges?
What is one main belief of Martin Luther?
God is the only one who can give salvation, people can not reach salvation through their own acts
The bible should take priority over church officials
How did the Divine Right Theory contribute to the Age of Absolutism?
Disobeying kings/queens was seen as disobeying God, which made people follow leaders more blindly and get absolute power
What is the significance of Versailles?
Symbolized the supremacy and luxury of the king
Name on Latin American revolution inspired by the Enlightenment, and give me 1 unique fact about it.
Haiti, Columbia, Paraguay, Venezuela, Argentina, Uruguay, Peru, Mexico, Ecuador, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile
Why was the Declaration of the Rights of Women and Citizen drafted in 1791?
Men did not think women belonged in politics, the first declaration was only for men
How did the invention of the printing press contribute to the Protestant Reformation?
People were able to read the bible instead of having to rely only on church officials for their information about God
Name the 4 of the ways that absolute rulers can gain, maintain, and consolidate power.
Expanding territories
Religion
Strong government/legal structures
military
Explain the significance of William and Mary on English government
Created a constitutional monarchy, which gave the Parliament equal power to the king/queen which got rid of absolute control in England
Name one Enlightenment thinker. Tell me what their idea was and what impact they made.
Thomas Hobbes- social contract, foundation of govt
John Locke- natural rights, declaration of independence
Jean-Jacques Rousseau- social contract, constitution/french revolution
Baron De Montesquieu- separation of powers, constitution
Voltaire- freedom of speech, american/french revolution
Mary Wollstonecraft- women’s rights
Adam Smith- capitalism, industrial revolution
Denis Diderot- equal access to knowledge, french revolution
How did the Scientific Revolution threaten the church?
People began to question what they thought they knew using logic and experimentation, threatened the way people blindly followed church officials