Matter and Energy in Earth's Systems
A group of parts that work together as a whole; for example, Earth.
What is a system?
Topography includes these 3 things:
What are the stages of the water cycle?
Evaporation -> Condensation -> Precipitation -> Run-off
Sun's energy travels as ...
electromagnetic radiation
What causes surface currents and winds to bend?
Coriolis Effect
True or False?
Events in one sphere do not affect another sphere.
False.
The difference between a plateau and a plain?
A plateau is a landform with high elevation and low relief. A plain has low elevation and low relief.
What ocean feature is a long chain of mountains on the ocean floor?
Mid-Ocean Ridges
What sphere contains the ozone.
Stratosphere
Climate event that causes winds to weaken and reverse in direction
El Nino
The two main sources of energy for Earth.
Heat from the sun and heat from Earth's interior
If contour lines are closed together it means ...
that area has a very steep slope
True or False?
Evaporation decreases salinity.
False
A current that results from radiation, conduction, and convection happening together
Convection Current
Global ocean conveyor
The difference between positive and negative feedback.
Positive feedback speeds up a process
Negative feedback slows down a process
What are the five ways to model landforms?
Topographic maps, Aerial photography, satellite imagery, GPS and GIS
150 meters
What happens to the other 50% of sun's radiation that doesn't get absorbed by the land?
25% - reflected by clouds
20% - absorbed by gases
5% - reflected by surface
Winds named by direction and speed.
Wind vane - points direction
Anemometer - measures speed
What are the main spheres that make up Earth's systems? Explain what they are too.
Atmosphere - made of air and gases
Geosphere - rocks and metals
Hydrosphere - all the water
Biosphere - all living organisms
Volcanic Eruptions : cooled lava forms rocks and the eruption breaks landform apart.
List 3 differences between salt and fresh water
Fresh water makes up 3% of Earth's water (Salt makes up 97%)
Oceans and seas make up salt water while glaciers, lakes, and underground make up fresh water.
Salt water is denser than fresh water.
Name and describe the different methods of heat transfer.
Convection - transfer of heat by the movement of fluid
Radiation - transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves
Conduction - transfer of heat between two different substances that are in direct contact
Name 2 differences between sea breezes and land breezes
Sea breeze - wind from ocean to land (happens during the day)
Land breeze - wind from land to ocean (happens during the night)