Periodic Trends
Why does Cs have a larger atomic radius than Li?
Cs has more orbitals
What does electronegativity measure?
the ability of an atom to attract electrons
In a metallic bond, what happens to electrons?
they are delocalized/ exist in a sea of electrons
define adhesion
water's ability to stick to other surfaces
what group makes the highest number of bonds?
group 4 makes the most at 4 bonds
Why does S have a smaller atomic radius than mg?
bc s has more protons which increases attraction and pulls the electrons in closer = smaller radius
what does ionization energy measure
the energy required to remove an electron from an atom
Ca2 is what type of bond?
metallic
what is an alloy?
a mixture of 2 or more metals
what family makes the least number of bonds
the halogen family
Which of the following has the lowest ionization energy and why? Br, Ca, K, or As
K b/c it has the least number of protons = less attraction = less energy required to take electron away
define increasing and decreasing
increasing = small to large
decreasing = large to small
Identify the anion in K3P
Phosphorus b/c it gains electrons
Name two properties of metallic bonding
conductive, ductile, sea of electrons, high melting/boiling point, malleable
find the formula for the following ionic compound: Calcium and Arsenic
Ca3As2
why does group have no electronegativity?
it has a full octet/valence shell and does not need to attract any electrons
which of the following has the highest electronegativity and why? Te, O, S, or Se
O bc it has the least number of orbitals, so it can attract electrons more easily b/c it's protons are closest
why is NBr3 not considered a nonpolar covalent bond?
B/c N and Br have different amounts of electronegativity which means it is a polar covalent compound
how many bonds do elements in group 5 make?
3 bonds
why did tap water conduct electricity but distilled water did not?
Tap water has metals and other ions dissolved in it while distilled water does not
why do cations always have a smaller atomic radius than neutral atoms?
bc cations lose electrons which makes their radius smaller
what does atomic radius measure?
the size of an atom from the nucleus to the outermost electrons
naming the following covalent compound: H2O
Dihydrogen monoxide
why did aqueous solutions conduct electricity but powder versions did not?
how is polarity determined?
if electronegativity is the same = nonpolar
if electronegativity is different = polar