Earth Moon Sun
Scale and Size
Solar System
Forces and Motion
Variety
100
The Earth takes 365 days, and the moon takes 29.5 days to complete its ______
orbit
100
If the entire milky way galaxy was represented as a football field, about how large would our solar system be?
about the size of one blade of grass
100
List the planets of our solar system from closest to the sun to furthest
mercury, venus, earth, mars, jupiter, saturn, uranus, neptune
100
What is the name of the force that typically slows down the motion of objects?
Friction
100
What is the relationship between gravity and a solar system?
Solar systems include a central star with a strong gravitational pull that holds planets in orbit around it
200
This moon phase occurs when the moon is aligned between the sun and the earth
New Moon
200
Rank these objects from smallest to largest:
The Sun, The Milky Way Galaxy, Earth, The Moon, Jupiter, Our Solar System
The Moon, Earth, Jupiter, Sun, Solar System, Milky Way
200
What are the two primary differences between terrestrial planets and gas giants
gas giants are much larger and have thick atmospheres
terrestrial planets are smaller and have rocky surfaces
200
How does Newton's 2nd Law of Motion explain why cars typically use less gas than big trucks
Force = Mass x Acceleration
Since trucks have more mass, they need more force to accelerate. The engine must burn more gas to provide the additional force.
200
Black holes are invisible, but they can be detected by observing other objects nearby - what would be good evidence of a black hole
Black holes have strong gravity, even stronger than a star - they can be detected by observing other objects' attraction to a central location.
300
Lunar Eclipses can only occur when the moon is in this phase
Full Moon
300
How are solar systems, galaxies, and the universe connected or related?
The universe includes everything, and there are billions of different galaxies in the universe. Likewise, in any galaxy there are billions of solar systems.
300
Describe the location of our solar system in the universe
Our solar system is located in the Milky Way Galaxy
300
What is inertia?
Inertia is the tendency for objects to stay at rest or to stay in motion
300
why do helmets usually have soft foam on the inside - how does this protect your head
The soft foam causes your head to come to a stop over a longer period of time - reducing the acceleration (and therefore the force) to your head.
400
These two factors working together is what causes the Earth to orbit the Sun
Inertia and Gravity
400
Why does Neptune's year last 165 times longer than an Earth year?
Neptune is further away from the sun, so its orbit is much larger and takes longer to go around once.
400
What is the main reason for the Sun's gravitational strength?
The sun is a very massive object and due to this mass, it has a strong gravitational force
400
If you kicked a bowling ball, how would action-reaction forces affect the objects involved.
action force is the foot pushing the ball, causing it to accelerate.
reaction force is the ball pushing on the foot, causing it to quickly slow down (and it hurts)
400
Why do helmets typically have a hard layer on the outside - what does it do to protect your head?
Energy transfers from the collision transfers into the hard plastic, which absorbs some of the energy and spreads it over a larger area.
500
The earth experiences seasons due to its arrangement relative to the sun, explain why seasons change every 3 months.
Earth is tilted on its axis, and as it goes around the orbit different areas of the Earth receive direct sun light due to this tilt.
500
Why have astronauts not yet travelled to Mars?
Although Mars is our closest neighbor, it is still very far away. It would take many months to get there in a spaceship.
500
Why do objects weigh more on Earth compared to Mars?
Mars is less massive than Earth, so it has a weaker force of gravity on the surface of Mars compared to Earth
500
What are the two factors that influence an object's momentum?
mass x speed = momentum
500
How can you tell the difference between a waxing moon phase and a waning phase?
When the light is on the right, its getting bright = WAXING