Ancient Influences (1.1)
a city-state in ancient Greece
Polis
a government document that limited the power of the king of England and protected the rights of the nobility; written in 1215
Magna Carta
the philosopher who believed in separation of powers when establishing a government
Baron de Montesquieu
a form of government in which political power is held by the people; may be direct or indirect
Democracy
State of Nature = _______
Anarchy
the basic principles and laws of a nation or state that determine the powers and duties of the government and guarantee certain rights to the people in it; usually a written document
Constitution
an agreement between individuals that created a government that would provide order and protect the rights of the colonists; written by a group of English Puritans in Massachusetts in 1620
Mayflower Compact
an implied agreement among the people of an organized society that defines the rights, duties, and limitations of the governed and the government
Social Contract
popular or representative system where the people create and run their own government
Self-Government
the right of people accused of crimes to have laws that treat them fairly, so that they cannot lose their life or freedom without having their legal rights protected
Due Process
a principle under which all persons, institutions, and entities are accountable to laws; no one is above the law
Rule of Law
a government document written in 1689 that expanded the powers of the English Parliament and expanded the rights of the people, as well as further limited the rights of the king
English Bill of Rights
a philosopher who believed in natural rights and social contract
John Locke
a government that has been limited in power by a constitution, or written agreement
Limited Government
the beliefs and practices of those following the Jewish and Christian religions such as ethical ideas of justice, individual worth, personal responsibility and rule of law
Judeo-Christian Tradition
participation in issues of public concern; also known as civic engagement
Civic Participation
the idea that government gains its power/authority from the people
Consent of the Governed
a principle of government that sets up a structural division of responsibilities within distinct branches, each with their own powers and processes
Seperation of Powers
a form of government in which there is democratic voting, but governmental power is limited by the existence of a constitution that protects the rights of citizens
Constitutional Republic
ancient civilization that influenced America's constitutional republic in areas such as civic participation, legislative bodies, voting rights, and a written constitution
Ancient Greece
the good characteristics, attitudes, practices, and activities of participants in a political system
Civic Virtue
a pamphlet published by Thomas Paine in 1776 to convince the American colonists to support becoming independent from Great Britain
Common Sense
rights an individual is born with that cannot be given or taken by government (ex. life, liberty, pursuit of happiness); also known as inalienable/unalienable rights
Natural Rights
the political belief that supports the idea of republican government where citizens choose their representatives and leaders and actively participate in civic life for the common good of the nation/community
Republicanism
ancient civilization that influenced America's constitutional republic in areas such as civic participation, republicanism, rule of law, representative government, and separation of powers
Ancient Rome