The Silk Road
What was the Silk Road — one single road or many routes?
A series of trade routes, not one single road.
What is the definition of imperialism?
When a country controls or takes over other territories for power and wealth.
Which country sponsored Christopher Columbus?
Spain.
Name one positive impact of contact between Europeans and First Nations.
Introduction of metal tools, medicines, new animals, or crops.
What invention helped sailors find direction at sea?
The compass.
Which two regions did the Silk Road connect?
Asia and Europe.
What does each “G” in the “3 G’s” stand for?
Gold, Glory, and God.
Which explorer sailed for England and landed in Newfoundland?
Giovanni Caboto (John Cabot).
Name one negative impact of contact between Europeans and First Nations.
Diseases, land loss, overhunting, or forced religious conversion.
What was the astrolabe used for?
Measuring latitude and longitude (location).
Why did trade along the Silk Road become dangerous and unreliable?
Because of attacks, wars, and bandits.
Which of the 3 factors of imperialism is based on spreading religion and culture?
Social factor – spreading religion (God) and ethnocentrism.
Who was known as the “Father of New France”?
Samuel de Champlain.
What deadly diseases were brought by Europeans to North America?
Smallpox, measles, diphtheria, typhus, whooping cough.
Why was the caravel important for exploration?
It was lighter, faster, and strong enough to cross the Atlantic safely.
What happened to the prices of goods when the Silk Road became unsafe?
Prices rose because supply decreased.
What is ethnocentrism and how did it influence European exploration?
The belief that one’s culture is better than others; it made Europeans feel justified in taking land and converting others.
What natural remedy did Indigenous peoples use to cure Cartier’s crew of scurvy?
Tea made from White Cedar, rich in vitamin C.
How did the introduction of guns affect First Nations communities?
Made conflicts more deadly and led to overhunting.
What was the main goal of mercantilism?
To increase a country’s wealth by exporting more than it imported.
Why did Europeans begin searching for new trade routes after the Silk Road declined?
They wanted safer and cheaper ways to get valuable goods like spices and silk.
Explain how mercantilism relates to imperialism.
Countries created colonies to get resources and wealth, making themselves more powerful and self-sufficient.
What settlement did Cartier attempt to create that failed due to disease and harsh conditions?
Charlesbourg-Royal (near present-day Quebec).
How did the arrival of Europeans change the First Nations’ traditional way of life?
Caused loss of land, culture, freedom, and dependence on trade goods.
Name two examples of valuable resources Europeans wanted from new colonies.
Gold, silver, spices, sugar, timber, tobacco, ivory, furs.