Protestant Reformation
Started the Protestant Reformation.
Martin Luther
Focus of the Scientific Revolution.
New ways to study the world through observational study and reason.
The focus on human potential and achievement.
Humanism
Focus of the Enlightenment
to use reason and science to understand the political world and to improve society.
Authority challenged during the Protestant Reformation.
the Catholic Church
Posted to the door of the local church, highlighted the corruption of the Catholic Church.
95 Theses
His discoveries and new knowledge helped to explain the movement of planets, people, and objects. Specifically understanding what holds planets in orbit and people to the Earth.
Isaac Newton
Two major influences of the Renaissance.
Humanism and ancient Greek & Roman culture.
Believed that all men have natural rights of life, liberty, and property. Also, people must consent to be governed.
John Locke
Authority challenged during the Renaissance.
Traditional art, education, and literature.
Consequence of the Reformation
Division within the Christian church. New denominations began.
This inventor and astronomer used the four moons of Jupiter as evidence and support for the heliocentric view of the solar system and was tried for heresy for challenging the Catholic Church's geocentric view.
Galileo Galilei
Differences between Renaissance and Pre-Renaissance artwork.
Renaissance art was more detailed/life-like and new subjects other than religious themes.
Believed in the separation of powers within government and checks and balances.
Baron de Montesquieu
Authority challenged during the Scientific Revolution.
Ancient scholars and church teachings regarding science.
Name of the new sect/denomination after the reformation.
Protestant
He was the first to challenge Ptolemy's geocentric solar system, believed the Earth was round, and is considered to have started the Scientific Revolution.
Nicholas Copernicus
humanism and creativity.
Wrote the "Wealth of Nations." Considered the father of capitalism and free-market economies.
Adam Smith
Authority challenged during the Enlightenment.
Traditional beliefs regarding government, economics, society, and rights of man.
Home of Martin Luther.
Germany
He held the belief that assumptions should be tested many times before they were accepted. The world could be understood observable truths and not just faith alone.
Francis Bacon
Where the Renaissance started.
Italian city-states
Believed that in the Social Contract people give up some rights to be governed but that government should be freely elected.
Jean Jacques Rousseau
The Catholic Church's reaction to the Protestant Reformation.
The Counter-Reformation and the condemnation of "heretics"