What pairs with adenine and what pairs with guanine?
What is thymine and cytosine
100
What is the building block of proteins?
What is an amino acid
100
What is a mutation?
What is a mistake or error in the DNA sequence
100
What is the complementary DNA sequence of
TAGCTAGCTAGC?
What is ATCGATCGATCG
200
When does DNA replication occur in the cell cycle?
What is S phase of interphase
200
If the DNA template runs 5' to 3' then how does the complementary strand run?
What is 3' to 5'
200
What are the 2 main steps of protein synthesis in correct order?
What is transcription, translation
200
What 2 main things can the mutation affect in the protein synthesis process?
What is mRNA and protein
200
What is the mRNA sequence using the complementary DNA sequence ATGCGTACCGAA?
What is UACGCAUGGCUU
300
What the original DNA strand sequence of TAC GGC ATG?
What is ATG CCG TAC
300
What is the outer "wall" of the DNA structure called?
What is sugar-phosphate backbone
300
Where does transcription occur and translation occur?
What is oxygen gas and energy (ATP).
300
If the mRNA is mutated, what outcome will be changed?
What is the amino acid (protein)
300
What is wrong with this mRNA sequence? Fix it!
AUC GCC GTA UGC
What is it has a T in the 3rd codon. It should be GAA
400
What is the semi-conservative model?
What is half is original strand used as templates, other half is the new strand
400
What is the structure of a nucleotide?
What is phosphate, sugar and base
400
If the tRNA anticodons are CAU GUA and UUA, then what is the starting DNA sequence?
What is GTA, CAT and AAT
400
How can mutations cause cancer?
What is by stopping the checkpoint protein from working
400
If all of these codons code for Proline (Pro), which one of these codons have been mutated?
CCU CAC CCA CGG
What is CAC (His) and CGG (Arg)
500
What is the purpose of DNA replication?
What is to make a copy of the genetic code for new cells
500
What are 3 differences between DNA and RNA?
What is ribose sugar, Uracil base and single stranded
500
If the amino acids are Met, Pro (1) and Trp, what is the starting DNA sequence?
What is ATG, CCT and TGG
500
If a mutation occurs on the 3rd codon, changing the 2nd or 3rd letter to A in this mRNA sequence, what amino acid (s) will it code for instead?
AUG UGG CUG GAU
What is Gln, Gln, Leu
500
Explain how a mutation in a DNA sequence can result in the same amino acid change and show no phenotypic change.
What is an amino acid change in the noncoding region of the genome instead of in the gametes