Founding & Geography
According to myth, he named the city after himself after killing his twin brother, Remus.
Who is Romulus?
This civilization provided Rome with the basis for most of its gods, like Jupiter (Zeus).
What is Greece?
This wealthy, landowning social class made up 5% of the population and held all positions in the early Senate.
Who were the Patricians?
The Punic Wars were a series of three conflicts between Rome and this North African naval powerhouse.
What is Carthage?
These Roman architectural achievements were built to bring fresh water to public baths, homes, and fountains.
What are Aqueducts?
This Roman god of war was the mythological father of Romulus and Remus.
Who is Mars?
This group gave Rome its language, which is the ancestor of Spanish, French, and Italian.
Who were the Latins?
This social class made up 95% of the population, including farmers and merchants, and fought for more rights in 494 BCE.
Who were the Plebeians?
This Carthaginian general led an army, including elephants, through the Alps to attack Rome during the Second Punic War.
Who is Hannibal?
This emperor made Christianity the official state religion and moved the capital from Rome to Constantinople.
Who is Constantine?
This mountain range forms Rome's natural northern border.
What are the Alps Mountains?
These two structural elements, used in Roman temples and buildings, were borrowed from another ancient civilization in Italy.
What are the arch and the dome?
The two chief executives chosen by the Senate each year to run the Republic were called this.
What is a Consul?
The First Punic War was fought over the rich farmland of this large island.
What is Sicily?
Originally named Octavian, he was Julius Caesar's adopted son and became the first official emperor of Rome.
Who is Augustus (or Caesar Augustus)?
The twin founders of Rome were saved from drowning in this river.
What is the Tiber River?
The Romans took their alphabet from this group of people who lived in central Italy.
Who were the Etruscans?
The power of the Tribune of the Plebs to reject any law they felt was unjust.
What is a veto?
Julius Caesar broke an ancient Roman law by crossing this river with his army, signaling his intention to take over Rome.
What is the Rubicon River?
This Latin term means "Peace of Rome" and describes the 150-year period of stability that began under Augustus.
What is the Pax Romana?
Along with the Mediterranean and Adriatic, this third sea borders the Italian peninsula to the west.
What is the Tyrrhenian Sea?
Olives and wine were adopted from this Mediterranean empire, which also founded the city of Carthage.
What is Phoenicia?
These laws were written down after the Conflict of the Orders to ensure all citizens, regardless of class, were treated equally under the law.
What are the Twelve Tables?
This extreme action was the fate of Carthage after Rome's victory in the Third Punic War.
What is pillaging and burning the city to the ground (or wiping the city off the map)?
This emperor divided the Roman Empire into two (Eastern and Western) in an attempt to make it easier to manage.
Who is Diocletian?