Multiple Choice
This location acted as the primary immigration processing center in the United States, seeing almost 20 million immigrants during its time in service.
Ellis Island
This act established forced "detribalization" for Native Americans, causing them to lose a significant portion of their land, forcing them onto reservations, and making places like Indian Territory open to settlement by non-Native Americans.
Dawes Act
Occurring after the end of nearly all fighting in the Frontier Wars, this religious ceremony claimed it could bring an end to westward expansion and restore the Native American way of life. It resulted in a deadly massacre by the U.S. government.
Ghost Dance Movement
This historical era was the greatest period of industrial growth ever. It was a period of increased sanitation, improved agriculture, scientific discovery, urbanization, industrialization, and growth of capitalism that lasted from the end of the Civil War to the beginning of World War One.
Second Industrial Revolution
This economic policy suggests that a country should maximize its productive capacity, protect the ownership of property using laws (even if the owners of property aren't the people who use it every day), and have corporations (which limit the risk to investors).
Capitalism
This act was the first significant law restricting immigration into the United States, prohibiting anyone of Chinese ethnicity from immigrating to the United States.
Chinese Exclusion Act
This conflict, which took place in the Southwest over control of land and mineral rights, began before the Civil War and lasted until the 1920s. Its most significant figure was Geronimo, who led the Native American resistance against the U.S. government.
Apache Wars
This conflict was a massacre of nearly three hundred Lakota people by soldiers of the United States Army who misinterpreted the Ghost Dance Movement as a threat. It qualifies as the deadliest mass shooting in American history.
Wounded Knee Massacre
These locations were created with the goal to “Kill The Indian, Save The Man”, forcibly assimilating Native American children using violence and abuse.
Residential Schools
This was the name for groups of successful businesses in a single industry that agree to cooperate, or one business that becomes large enough to dominate the industry they monopolize. The most famous of these was John D. Rockefeller’s Standard Oil.
Trusts
This is the pseudoscientific (fake science) theory that some human groups are superior to others, and that helping the poor or weak would be to interfere with nature.
Social Darwinism
This conflict, occurring as a result of the breaking of the Treaty of Fort Laramie, took place in the Great Plains and involved a major American defeat at the Battle of the Little Bighorn at the hands of Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse. The conflicts began before the Civil War and lasted until the 1890s.
Sioux Wars
These acts gave away plots of land to anyone who asked, as long as they worked the land themselves, which allowed small farms owned by individuals to emerge across the West and South.
Homestead Acts
This was land set aside by the Federal government for federally Native American tribes, usually as a result of treaty obligations with that tribe. Some are the remnants of a tribe’s original land base, while others were created by the federal government for the resettling of Indian people forcibly relocated from their homelands.
Reservations
This was the name for groups of workers that come together to negotiate as one group, using tactics like refusing to work as a group until demands were met (strikes) and negotiating with bosses as a group instead of individuals (collective bargaining). A notable early one of these groups in the United States was the “Knights of Labor”.
Unions
This political belief favored the interests of established inhabitants of the United States over newcomers and opposed immigration; at the time, it particularly opposed Catholic immigration from Italy and Jewish immigration from Eastern Europe.
Nativism
This conflict occurred because a group of Northwest Coast Native Americans resisted being forced onto reservations, and involved the U.S. military blocking their escape attempt to Canada. It ended with the Native American leader, Chief Joseph, surrendering after a long fight, saying “I will fight no more forever”.
Nez Perce War
This group was the name for farmers who worked the land in the West, oftentimes in ways that would have negative long-term impacts on the environment. The eventual result of this group’s actions would be the Dust Bowl during the 1920s and 1930s.
Sodbusters
This is the growth of cities and the concentration and growth of the population, this is enabled by the growing productive power of industry and farms, occurring thanks to the Second Industrial Revolution.
Urbanization
A party organization, headed by a single boss or small group, that can reliably get enough enough votes to have political control of a region (like a state or city), which maintain their power through patronage and graft. The most notorious of these was New York City’s Tammany Hall.
Political Machines
This group was the name for African Americans who had fled the "Jim Crow" South in search of a better life in the West. The most famous of these is the legendary U.S. Marshal Bass Reeves.
Exodusters
This conflict, which occured in the Great Basin and lasted from before the Civil War until the 1920s, involved skirmishes between Native Americans and Mormon settlers, and ended with a “war” that saw the mass exodus of Native Americans from the region, but very little actual fighting.
Ute Wars
These acts gave land away directly to corporations for the first time in US history, enabling the construction of a "transcontinental railroad" which would greatly speed up travel between the East and West.
Pacific Railroad Acts
This is the change of an economy from one based on individual workshops to one based on large factories, occurring thanks to the Second Industrial Revolution.
Industrialization
This is the name of the most notorious political machine in the United States, which controlled New York City by maintaining the loyalty of Irish-American immigrants who lived there, who would have otherwise faced discrimination and neglect.
Tammany Hall