French and Indian War
What was the main cause of the French and Indian War?
Tensions between British and French colnial interests over land in North America, mainly in the Ohio River Valley
What was a cash crop that significantly impacted the Southern Colonies?
Tobacco
What was the House of Burgesses?
The first elected legislative assembly in the American colonies, established in Virginia.
Name the three regions of the 13 colonies.
New England, Middle, and Southern Colonies
King Philip's War
Armed conflict in 1675–1678 between a group of indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands against the English New England Colonies and their indigenous allies
What were the effects of the Treaty of Paris 1763?
Britain gained control of Canada and all lands east of the Mississippi River, while France ceded its territories in North America.
How did mercantilism influence colonial trade?
It restricted colonial trade to benefit Britain, ensuring that colonies traded mainly with Britain.
How did town meetings contribute to self-government?
They allowed local citizens to discuss and vote directly on issues, promoting civic engagement and democratic practices
What characterized the Middle Colonies?
Fertile soil, divers populations, a mix of agricultural and industrial economies.
Puritans
Member of an English Protestant group in the 16th and 17th centuries who wanted to "purify" the Church of England by making it more strict and simple.
Name one Indigenous group that allied with the French.
Alogonquin Tribes
What role did shipbuilding play in the New England economy?
It became a vital industry due to abundant timber and the need for ships for fishing and trade.
Who were the Puritans, and what colony did they establish.
A group of Protestant reformers who established the Massachusetts Bay Colony seeking religious freedom.
How did geography affect the Souther Colonies?
The warm climate and rich soil supported large plantations growing cash crops like tobacco and rice.
Middle Passage
The horrific sea journey that enslaved Africans endured, forced by Europeans across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas as part of the transatlantic slave trade
Why did some colonists oppose the Proclamation of 1763?
It limited colonial expansion westward and was viewed as an infringement on their rights to settle new lands.
Explain the significance of the Mayflower Compact.
It established a form of self-government and majority rule for the Pilgrims in Plymouth Colony.
Describe Bacon's Rebellion and its significance.
A 1676 uprising led by Nathaniel Bacon against Governor Berkeley's administration, highlighting tensions between frontiersmen and colonial government.
What was the role of religion in the New England Colonies?
Religion was central to community life, with Puritans influencing laws, education, and social norms.
Pilgrims
A specific group of Separatist Puritans who sought religious freedom and a better life in North America
How did the war impact colonial relationships with Britain?
The war increased British debt, leading to higher taxes and resentment among the colonies towards British authority.
What was the impact of the First Great Awakening on colonial society?
It fostered religious diversity and encouraged a sense of individualism and questioning of authority.
What was Pontiac's Rebellion?
A series of attacks by Native American tribes against British settlementsin 1763, protesting British policies and expansion.
Compare and contrast Pennsylvania and Massachuestts Bay Colony.
Pennsylvania was founded on principles of religious greedome and tolerance by William Penn. While Massachusetts Bay was established by Puritains seeking to create a "city upon a hill"
Cash Crops
a crop produced for its commercial value rather than for use by the grower