Atomic Structure
What subatomic particle has a negative charge?
Electron
What does the atomic number tell you?
Number of protons
What are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons called?
Isotopes
What is an atom called when it has a charge because it has gained or lost electrons?
ion
What is the spontaneous emission of radiation from an unstable nucleus called?
Radioactive Decay
What two particles are found in the nucleus?
Protons and neutrons
An element has an atomic number of 12. How many protons does it have?
12
Carbon-12 and Carbon-14 are isotopes. What is the difference between the two?
mass or neutrons
A neutral atom has 11 protons. How many electrons does it have?
11
What type of radiation contains 2 protons and 2 neutrons?
Alpha
Which subatomic particle determines the identity of an element?
Proton
An atom has 15 protons and 16 neutrons. What is its mass number?
31
An atom has 8 protons and 10 neutrons. What isotope is it?
Oxygen-18
An atom has 13 protons and 10 electrons. What is its charge?
+3
What type of radiation is electromagnetic energy?
Gamma
What force holds the positively charged protons together in the nucleus despite their repulsion?
Strong nuclear force
An atom has a mass number of 56 and an atomic number of 26. How many neutrons does it have?
30
Carbon-12 and Carbon-14 are isotopes. What do they have in common?
Same number of protons
An atom has 17 protons and 18 electrons. What is its charge?
−1
A large nucleus splits into two or more smaller nuclei. What process is this?
Fission
What force is responsible to attract and repulsion between subatomic particles?
Electromagnetic Force
An atom has 19 protons, 20 neutrons, and 19 electrons. Give its atomic number and mass number.
19 and 39
An element has isotopes of 10 amu and 11 amu. Its average atomic mass is 10.9 amu. Which isotope is more abundant, and why?
11 amu; the average is closer to 11.
An ion is written as ²⁷₁₃Al³⁺. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does it contain?
13 protons, 14 neutrons, 10 electrons
Two lighter nuclei combine to form a larger nucleus. What process is this, and where does it occur naturally?
Fusion; in stars